Nyama Imene Ili Mwini Nyanga Zamtengo Wapatali

YOLEMBEDWA NDI MTOLANKHANI WA GALAMUKANI! KU SOUTH AFRICA

MWADZIDZIDZI, chipemberecho chinali kudza mwaukali paliŵiro lalikulu. Mwamunayo analumphira mbali ina ndi kuthamangira zolimba ku mtengo wina waung’ono pafupipo. Koma chipemberecho chinatembenuka mofulumira ndi liŵiro lodabwitsa, ndipo sichinampatse nthaŵi yakuti apulumuke. Anathamangitsidwa mozungulira mtengowo kangapo asanatungidwe ndi nyanja yake ndi kuponyeredwa m’mwamba. Munthuyo anagwera pansi, choyamba akumagwera papheŵa la chipemberecho asanafike pansi. Anagona kwala pamenepo, akumayembekezera kupondedwa kapena kutungidwa kufikira imfa. Pamene chipemberecho chinafika pa iye, mwamunayo ananyamula mwendo wake, komano chipemberecho chinangoununkhiza ndi kuchoka chikuthamanga pang’onopang’ono!

Chimenechi ndicho chipembere chakuda cha mu Afirika—chonyumwira, chandewu, chofulumira kukwiya. Ngati kununkhiza kwamphamvu kwa chipembere kapena kumva kochichenjeza za kanthu kena kamene sichingathe kuona (pokhala chosaona bwino), chimathamangira chinthucho mwaukali—chinthu chilichonse kaya ndi chachikulu ngati sitima yapamtunda kapena ngati gulugufe! Ngakhale kuti nchamamita 1.5 chitaimirira kufikira papheŵa ndi cholemera kufikira makilogalamu 1,000, chikhozabe kuthamanga makilomita 55 pa ola ndi kutha kutembenuka padanga lalifupi!

Nthaŵi zina kuthamanga kwakeko nkongowopseza kapena ngakhale kongoseŵera. Yuilleen Kearney amene nthaŵi ina anali mwini chipembere chakuda chaching’ono chotchedwa Rufus, akusimba kuti “pamene Rufus anabutsa fumbi lambiri, mpamene anakondwa kwambiri.” Iye akukumbukira mwachisangalalo za nthaŵi ina pamene Rufus anadza “akumamina, kupemerera ndi kuthyola mitengo” m’tchire, “akumathamanga mwaukali kuloŵa m’munda wa maluŵa ndi kudzaima chiriri kutsogolo kwa khonde la nyumba, kuyenda mwaulemu kumka kukagona pafupi ndi mpando [wake] wa ndalema.”

Kukonda chipembere chakuda kumeneku kumasonyezedwa ndi ambiri amene aphunzira makhalidwe ake. Komabe, onse amavomereza kuti zipembere zimasiyana makhalidwe monga momwe zilili kwa anthu. Pamenepotu, chenjerani, ndi waukali kwambiri ameneyu! Woonetsa nyama m’tchire wina wotchuka wa kummwera kwa Afirika akuchenjeza kuti chipembere chakuda “sichiyenera kudaliridwa, ndipo munthu ayenera kutalikirana nacho ndithu.” Mwachisoni, kuchiputa kwa anthu nkumene kaŵirikaŵiri kumachichititsa kukwiya. Profesa Rudolf Schenkel, amene anapulumuka kuukira kwa chipembere wolongosoledwa poyambapo, akudandaula kuti munthu wadzipanga yekha mdani wa chipembere.

Bwanji nanga za chipembere china chija choyera cha mu Afirika? Mkhalidwe wake wabata umachisiyanitsa kwambiri ndi mbale wake wachiwawayo. Chilinso chachikulu pafupifupi kuŵirikiza kaŵiri chakudacho, chikumakhala nyama yachitatu ya pamtunda yaikulu padziko. Mutu wake waukulu ngwolemera kwambiri kwakuti umafunikira amuna anayi kuunyamula! Komabe, nchaliŵiro mofanana ndi mbale wake wakudayo.

Pamene chikumana ndi munthu m’thengo, chipembere choyera chimangothaŵa mwamantha chitaona munthuyo, kumumva, kapena kumnunkhiza. Komabe, Daryl ndi Sharna Balfour m’buku lawo lakuti Rhino, akuchenjeza anthu kusamala zimenezi. “Anthu ambiri avulazidwa ndi chipembere choyera kuposa chakuda m’zaka zaposachedwapa,” iwo akulemba motero, akumawonjezera kuti mwina zimenezi zachitika chifukwa cha “kupanda ulemu” kwa munthu pa icho.

Maseŵero Ake Apamtima

Pali chinthu china chimene chipembere cha mu Afirika chimakonda. Chimakonda matope—matope ambiri! Zipembere zambiri zimathamanga pamene ziyandikira pa chithaphwi chawo chokondedwa ndipo zimalira mosangalala pokaloŵamo. Banja la a Balfour, limene linaona zimenezi nthaŵi zambiri, likusimba kuti pamene chipemberecho chinali kutitimira pang’onopang’ono m’matope, “chinali kufoya, ndipo nyama yokhutirayo inkagona chammbali kwa mphindi zingapo . . . isanapitirize kusambako, kaŵirikaŵiri mogadama, ikumaponyera miyendo m’mwamba.”

Nthaŵi zina mitundu yonse iŵiri ya chipembereyo imasamba m’chithaphwi chimodzimodzicho ndipo imaiŵala za kulemekezeka kwawo chifukwa chokonda kuseŵera kwake m’matope. Rufus wamng’ono, wotchulidwa poyambayo, anali kusangalala kwambiri ndi kusamba matope kwake kwakuti “nthaŵi zina anali kulumphamo asanamalize kusambako, ndi kukathamangathamanga m’munda wa maluŵa, akumajidimuka ngati kavalo, asanabwerere pachithaphwipo kuti ayambirenso kusangalala.”

Komabe, matopewo amathandizanso pa zinthu zina osati chabe pa kusangalala kwake. Amakhala malo ochezerana ndi zipembere zina ndiponso ndi nyama zina zokonda matope, amatetezera chipembere pang’ono ku ntchentche zoluma, ndipo amaziziritsa matupi awo pa kutentha kwa dzuŵa. Chotero mposadabwitsa kuti nthaŵi zina zipembere zimakhala m’matope mosalekeza kwa maola ambiri.

Kodi Nchiti?

Kodi ndimotani mmene munthu angadziŵire mtundu wake wa chipembere? Kodi chimodzicho nchakudadi ndipo chinacho nchoyeradi? Ayi. Zonsezo nzoyerera—komano zili zosiyana pang’ono kuyerera kwake—ngati mungathe kuona kuyererako. Kwenikweni zimene mudzaona ndizo maonekedwe a matope a kusamba kwake kwapapitapo, amene tsopano auma pakhungu lake.

Koma mpangidwe wa kamwa lake udzakudziŵitsani mwamsanga kuti nchiti. Chipembere chakuda, popeza kuti chimadya mphukira ndi masamba a m’mitengo, chili ndi mlomo wapamwamba wosongoka umene chimagwiritsira ntchito kukoŵera masamba ndi mphukira za zitsamba. Chotero dzina lake lenileni ndilo chipembere cha mlomo wangoŵe. Ndiyeno, chipembere choyera, chimadya msipu. Chifukwa chake, kukamwa kwake nkwaphwatalala, kotero kuti ithe kubudula msipu monga lawn mower. Motero, dzina lake lenileni ndilo chipembere cha mlomo wampwamphwa. Komano kaamba ka zifukwa zina, kusiyanitsako kwa chakuda ndi choyera, kumene kuyenera kukhala kutayambitsidwa ndi Adatchi oyambirira osamukira kummwera kwa Afirika, kwakhala kozoloŵereka.

Nyanga Zamtengo Wapatalizo

Dzinalo rhinoceros (chipembere) lachokera ku mawu Achigiriki aŵiri otanthauza “mphuno ya nyanga.” Ndipo kodi nyanga za chipembere nzopangidwa ndi chiyani? Anthu ena amati ndi tsitsi lomamatirana, popeza kuti zimaoneka zokumbudzuka pafupi ndi pophukira pake. Komabe, si tsitsi lenileni, akutero Dr. Gerrie de Graaff, yemwe ndi mlangizi wasayansi pa National Parks Board ya South Africa, koma “zimafanana kwambiri ndi ziboda za nyama [nyama za ziboda].”

Nyangayo imakulabe, monga zikhadabo. Chipembere china chakuda chotchuka chotchedwa Gertie chinaphuka nyanga imene inali yaitali mamita oposa 1.4, ndipo nyanga ya chipembere china choyera inakula kufikira mamita aŵiri! Ndipo ngati nyangayo ithyoka, monga momwe nthaŵi zina zimachitikira, ina imaphukiranso m’malo mwake paliŵiro la pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndi atatu pachaka.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji nyanga za chipembere zili zamtengo wapatali? Anthu ambiri amazigwiritsira ntchito m’mankhwala, ndipo ena amasangalala kukhala ndi mpeni wokongola wokhala ndi chigwiriro cha nyanga ya chipembere. Anthu ambiri amazifuna, ndipo malonda ake ngaphindu lalikulu kwambiri, kwakuti zipembere zikwi zambiri zaphedwa ndi aja ofunitsa phindu.

Chipembere choyera, chimene panthaŵi ina chinatsala pang’ono kusolotsedwa, tsopano chapulumuka, chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za osungitsa chilengedwe. Koma zinthu sizinayende motero kwa mbale wake wakudayo. Palinganizidwa njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera kupha nyama mopanda lamulo kofala kuphatikizapo kudula nyanga nyamazo. Koma ntchito yaikulukulu imeneyi siikukhala ndi phindu lalikulu. Popeza kuti nyanga za chipembere zimabweretsa ndalama zofikira pa $2,000 pa kilogalamu, opha nyama mopanda lamulo amalingalira kuti kugulula ngakhale zibulumunthira za nyanga za zipembere kuli ndi phindu. Komabe, mwinamwake umbombo wa munthu sudzapambana ndipo mibadwo yamtsogolo nayonso idzakhoza kusangalala kudziŵa za nyama yochititsa chidwi imeneyi.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 18]

Kodi mungasiyanitse motani chipembere chakuda ndi chipembere choyera, popeza kuti zonsezo nzoyerera?

[Chithunzi patsamba 17]

Chipembere choyera ndi mwana wake

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

National Parks Board of South Africa