Kodi Nkhalango Zathu Zamvula Zidzatetezereka?

KUCHIYAMBI kwa zaka za zana lino, mbalame yotchedwa passenger pigeon ya ku North America inasoloka. Mbalame zimenezo zinali zambiri kwenikweni. Ofufuza za mbalame amayerekezera kuti mbalame zimenezo zinali pakati pa mabiliyoni asanu ndi mabiliyoni khumi!

Komabe, pazaka zana, nyama ya mbalame yotsika mtengo ndipo yomwe inkakhala ngati siidzatha, inathadi, moti kutha kwake kunatchedwa kuti “kusoloka kodabwitsa kwa [mbalame] zosasoŵa.” Mawu a chikumbutso cha passenger pigeon ku Wyalusing State Park, Wisconsin, U.S.A., analembedwa pamwala kuti: “Mbalame imeneyi inasoloka chifukwa cha dyera ndi kusalingalira kwa munthu.”

Zimene zinachitikira passenger pigeon zimatikumbutsa kuti ngakhale zolengedwa za dziko lapansi zichulukitsitse motani, munthu akhoza kuzisakazabe. Dyera ndi kusalingalira zikali zofala. Ndipo lerolino, si mtundu umodzi wokha wa zamoyo umene uli pangozi, komanso ndi nkhalango zomwe, m’mene zamoyozo zimakhala. Ngati nkhalango zamvula zingasoloke, ndiye kuti zonse zokhala m’menemo—ngati theka la mitundu yonse ya zamoyo za papulaneti lino—zidzasolokera limodzi. Asayansi amanena kuti tsoka ngati limenelo lingakhale “tsoka lalikulu logwera nyama lochititsidwa ndi munthu.”

Nzoona kuti tsopano tikudziŵa zambiri za dziko lotizinga kuposa mmene tinkadziŵira zaka zana zapitazo. Koma nzeru imene tapezayo siyokwanira yoti itiletse kumawononga nkhalango. Wodziŵa za zomera wina, Manuel Fidalgo, anadandaula kuti: “Tikuwononga kanthu kena kamtengo wapatali kwabasi, ndipo nthaŵi yatithera. Ndikudera nkhaŵa kuti pazaka zoŵerengeka zikudzazo, nkhalango zimene zingadzatsale nzokhazo zokhala m’zigwa za mapiri, komwe odula mitengo sangathe kufikako.”

Ophunzira za chilengedwe akuchita mantha chifukwa nkhalango zamvula nzovuta kubwerera mwakale. Buku lakuti The Emerald Realm: Earth’s Precious Rain Forests limanena mosabisa mawu kuti, kubzalanso mitengo “nkwapang’onopang’ono ndipo kumawonongetsa ndalama, . . . koma ndiyo njira yokha imene tingachite chifukwa nkhalango zamvula zatha kusakazidwa.” M’mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri, mitengo yobzalidwansoyo mwina ingakhale mitundu ingapo ya mitengo ya m’madera otentha, ndipo timitengoto tidzafunikira kusamalidwa pafupipafupi kuti tisatsamwitsidwe ndi tchire.

Ngati nkhalango ingakongolenso monga mwakale, zidzadalira pakuti chigawo chobzalidwanso mitengocho chayandikana motani ndi nkhalango ina yamvula yosasakazidwa. Pokhapokha ngati chigawo chatsopano chongobzalidwa kumene mitengocho chili pafupi ndi nkhalango ina, mpamene mitundu ina ya zamoyo zikwizikwi zingabweremo, kuti ikhale nkhalango yeniyeni yamvula. Ngakhalebe zili choncho, zimenezo zingatenge zaka mazana ambiri. Madera ena amene anangosiidwa zaka chikwi zapitazo pamene anthu achimayani anazimiririka, sanabwererebe mwakale.

“Kugwirizana Kwatsopano kwa Maiko Onse?”

Wasayansi wina wa pa Smithsonian Institution, ku Washington, D.C., anati 10 peresenti ya nkhalango zamvula zimene zilipobe zisungidwire mibadwo yamtsogolo, kuti zisunge mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo ndi zomera. Pakali pano, pafupifupi 8 peresenti ya nkhalangozo zimatetezedwa, koma malo ambiri osungiramo nyamazo angokhala otetezeredwa mwa dzina basi, popeza kuti palibe ndalama kapena antchito oti nkumasamala malowo. Mwachionekere, palidi zambiri zoyenera kuchitidwa.

Peter Raven, wolankhulira bungwe lotetezera nkhalango zamvula, anafotokoza kuti: “Ntchito yotetezera nkhalango zamvula imafuna kuti tidziŵe kuti pafunikira mfundo yatsopano yoti anthu a m’maiko onse azigwirira pamodzi, tizizindikira kuti kulikonse anthu adzakhudzidwa ndi tsoka logwa padziko lapansi. Tiyenera kupeza njira zochepetsera umphaŵi ndi njala padziko lonse. Maiko afunikira kupanga mapangano atsopano.”

Anthu ambiri anazikonda zimene iye ananenazo. Kupulumutsa nkhalango zamvula ili ntchito yofuna anthu onse padziko lapansi—monga mmene alili mavuto ena ambiri omwe anthu akukumana nawo. Vuto lagona pakuti “maiko agwirizane chinthu chimodzi” tsoka la dziko lonse lisanachitike ndipo kuwonongedwa kwa zinthu kusanafike pothetsa nzeru. Monga mmene Peter Raven akunenera, kuwonongedwa kwa nkhalango zamvula kukukhudzana kwambiri ndi mavuto ena ovuta kuwathetsa a m’maiko ongotukuka kumene, monga njala ndi umphaŵi.

Mpaka pano, anthu a m’maiko onse akhala akuyesayesa kulithetsa vutoli, koma sakuphula kanthu. Anthu ena amafunsa kuti, Kodi tsiku lina anthu adzaleka kusamvana pankhani zachabechabe zimene maiko awo akukanganira, ncholinga chakuti asamalire zinthu zowapindulitsa onse, kapena kodi mfundo ya “kugwirizana kwatsopano kwa maiko onse” ili loto chabe?

Mbiri sikutipatsa zifukwa zosangalalira. Komabe, pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimanyalanyazidwa nthaŵi zambiri—mmene Mlengi amaionera nkhalango yamvula. Profesa wa pa Havard, Edward O. Wilson, anati: “Tiyenera kumakumbukira kuti tikuwononga mbali ina ya Chilengedwe, choncho mibadwo yamtsogolo tikuimana zimene ifeyo tinasiiridwa.”

Kodi Mlengi wa dzikoli adzalola anthu kuwonongeratu ntchito yakeyi? Zimenezo zingakhale zosamveka.a Chifukwa Baibulo limaneneratu kuti Mulungu ‘adzawononga iwo akuwononga dziko.’ (Chivumbulutso 11:18) Kodi Mulungu adzathetsa bwanji vuto limeneli? Akulonjeza kudzakhazikitsa Ufumu—boma lakumwamba lolamulira padziko lonse—umene udzathetsa mavuto a dziko lapansili ndipo uwo ‘udzakhala chikhalire.’—Danieli 2:44.

Si kuti Ufumu wa Mulungu udzangoletsa anthu kuwononga pulanetili komanso udzayang’anira ntchito yobwezeretsa kukongola kwachilengedwe kwa dzikoli. Dziko lonseli lidzangokhala paki imodzi yadziko lapansi, monga mmene Mlengi wathu anafunira pachiyambi. (Genesis 1:28; 2:15; Luka 23:42, 43) Kulikonse anthu “adzaphunzitsidwa ndi Yehova,” ndipo adzaphunzira kukonda chilengedwe chake ndi kuchiyamikira, kuphatikizapo nkhalango yamvula.—Yesaya 54:13.

Pofotokoza nthaŵi yamadalitso imeneyo, wamasalmo analemba kuti: “Mitengo yonse ya kunkhalango idzafuula mokondwera. Pakuti akudza kudzaweruza dziko lapansi: adzaweruza dziko lokhalamo anthu ndi chilungamo, ndi mitundu ya anthu ndi choonadi.”—Salmo 96:12, 13.

Chosangalatsa nchakuti tsogolo la nkhalango yamvula silikukhudzana ndi zimene anthu angachite—kapena dyera lawo. Baibulo limatipatsa chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti Mlengi mwiniyo adzaloŵereramo kuti apulumutse nkhalango za m’madera otentha. M’dziko latsopano limene Mulungu walonjeza, mibadwo yamtsogolo idzaona ulemerero wa nkhalango yamvula.—Chivumbulutso 21:1-4.

[Mawu a M’munsi]