Imihezagiro Canke Imivumo—Hariho Ihitamwo!

‘Nshize ubuzima n’urupfu imbere yanyu, umuhezagiro n’umuvumo; kandi mutegerezwa guhitamwo ubuzima kugirango mubone kuguma muri bazima.’—GUSUBIRA MU VYAGEZWE 30:19, NW.

1. Abantu bǎgabiwe ububangukirwe nyabaki?

YEHOVA MANA yaraduhinguye—ibiremwa muntu vyiwe bifisé ubwenge—kuba abantu bidegemvya mu mero-runtu. Ntitwaremwe nk’ivyotomati, ari vyo birobǒti, ariko twashikirijwe agateka n’ibango vy’ukugira amahitamwo. (Zaburi 100:3) Ba bantu ba mbere—Adamu na Eva—bari bidegemvya ku guhitamwo ingendo yabo y’inkwakuro (ingiro), kandi bari n’ico bokwishuzwa n’Imana kubera ihitamwo ryabo.

2. Ni ihitamwo nyabaki Adamu yagize, kandi rigira ingaruka nyabaki?

² Umuremyi ubuzima bw’umuntu yarabuteguriye bimwe vy’umuvaguro, umuhezagiro w’intacika kw isi y’iparadizo. Ni kuki iyo ntēgo itarashikwako? Kubera ko Adamu yagize ihitamwo ribi. Yehova yari yashize iyi mbwirizo kuri nya mugabo: “Igiti cose co mur’iryo tongo ukiryek’uk’ugomba; arikw igiti kimenyekanisha iciza n’ikibi ntuz’ukiryeko: kuk’umusi wakiriyeko, uzopfa nta kabuza.” (Itanguriro 2:16, 17) Iyo Adamu aba yahisemwo kwubaha, abavyeyi bacu ba mbere baba barahezagiwe. Ubugambarazi bwazanye urupfu. (Itanguriro 3:6, 18, 19) Ni co gituma icaha n’urupfu vyahererekanywe ku ruvyaro rwamuka kuri Adamu rwose.—Abaroma 5:12.

Imihezagiro Yaragizwe Iyishoboka

3. Imana yaronkeje gute inkuramazinda yuko intēgo afitiye ubwoko-muntu zoshikijwe?

³ Yehova Mana yarashinze uburyo yokoresheje kugira intēgo afise y’uguhezagira ubwoko-muntu ihave itaha. We ubwiwe yaramenyesheje imbere y’igihe ivy’Urubuto, abūra muri Edeni ati: “Nzoshira inyankane hagati yawe n[a wa mugore, no hagati y’urubuto rwawe n’urwiwe. Runo azogufyonyora mu mutwe nawe uzomufyonyora mu gitsintsiri, NW].” (Itanguriro 3:15) Mana mu nyuma yarasezeranye yuko imihezagiro yoje ku bwoko-muntu bugamburuka biciye kuri urwo Rubuto, inkomoka yo kuri Aburahamu.—Itanguriro 22:15-18.

4. Ni intondeko nyabaki Yehova yagize y’uguhezagira ubwoko-muntu?

⁴ Urwo Rubuto rwasezeranywe rw’umuhezagiro rwagaragaye ko ari Yezu Kirisitu. Ku vyerekeye uruhara rwa Yezu mu ntondeko ya Yehova y’uguhezagira ubwoko-muntu, umuposolo mukirisu Paulo yanditse ati: “Imana yatweretse urukundo rwayo idukunda, kuko Kristo yadupfiriye tukir’abanyavyaha.” (Abaroma 5:8) Imihezagiro izokwinovorwa n’abo mu bwoko-muntu bunyacaha bagamburukira Imana kandi bironkereza inyungu ku gaciro k’inkuka y’incungu Yezu Kirisitu yatanze. (Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 4:12) Wewe none uzohitamwo ubugamburutsi n’imihezagiro? Ubugambaraji buzovamwo ikintu kimeze ukundi rwose kuruta.

Imivumo Yoyo Bite?

5. Ijambo “umuvumo” rifise insiguro nki?

⁵ Igihushane c’umuhezagiro ni umuvumo. Ijambo “umuvumo” ni ukuvuga kugambira urubi umuntu canke kwatura akabi kazire we. Ijambo ry’igiheburayo qela·lahʹ rikuwe mu rivuga muzi qa·lalʹ, mu binyakuri risigura “kuba impwahuke.” Ariko rero iyo rikoreshejwe mu nyuro ngereranyo, risigura ‘guhamagarira akabi kuri’ canke ‘gufata n’akagaye.’—Abalewi 20:9; 2 Samweli 19:43.

6. Ni inzeduka nyabaki ishiramwo Elisa yashitse mu micungararo ya Beteli ha kera?

⁶ Rimbura akarorero k’agahabwa k’inkwakuro ntateba irimwo ivy’umuvumo. Ivyo vyashitse igihe umumenyeshakazoza w’Imana Elisa yariko ava i Yeriko aja i Beteli. Nya nkuru ivuga icese iti: “Akiri mu nzira arikw aradūga, haza abana b’abahungu bavuye mu gisagara baramutwenga, baramubarira, bati Dūga, busa bg’ubuhanza! Dūga, busa bg’ubuhanza! Arakebuka; ababonye abavuma mw izina ry[a Yehova, NW]. Nuko haca haza ibikōko bibiri vy’idubu z’ingore zivuye mw ishamba, zitabagura abahungu mirongwine na babiri bo muri bo.” (2 Abami 2:23, 24) Ivyo neza na neza Elisa yavuze igihe yagamba uwo muvumo mu guhamagarira akabi kuri abo bana b’abashinyūzi ntibihishuye. Ariko rero, iyo nyaturo yo ku rurimi yaragize ingaruka kubera ko yari yagambwe mw izina rya Yehova n’umumenyeshakazoza w’Imana akwakura ahuje n’igomba ry’Imana.

7. Ni ibiki vyashikiye abana bashinyuriye Elisa, kandi hari kubera iki?

⁷ Impamvu nyamukuru yateye ubwo bushinyūzi isa n’uko kwari ukubera ko Elisa yari yambaye umutamana wa Eliya, nya bana na bo bakaba batǎshaka ko haza umusubirizi w’uwo mumenyeshakazoza. (2 Abami 2:13) Kugira Elisa yishure agahigisho gashizwe ku vy’uko yoba ari umusubirizi wa Eliya no kugira yigishe abo bantu bakiri bato hamwe n’abavyeyi babo ukwubaha kubereye umumenyeshakazoza wa Yehova, yarahamagariye akabi kuri ako kagwi k’abashinyūzi, mw izina ry’Imana ya Eliya. Yehova yaragaragaje ko ashimye Elisa bwa mumenyeshakazoza wiwe mu gutuma izo dubu zibiri z’ingore zisokoroka mw ishamba hanyuma zigatabagura abashinyaguzi 42. Yehova ivyo yabigize kamarampaka kubera ko, n’ubushirasoni n’akantu, bari babuze ukugirira ubwubashi umuhōra yacako mu gushikiriza amakuru kw isi ico gihe.

8. Igisata ca Isirayeli běmeye kugira iki, kandi ivyo bǎbigiranye ibizigizigi nyabaki?

⁸ Imyaka itari mike imbere yaho, Abisirayeli bǎraranze ukubura ubwubashi ku ntunganyo z’Imana nk’ukwo nyene. Nguku uko vyagenze: Mu 1513 B.G.C., Yehova yararangiye igisata ca Isirayeli ubutoneshwe mu kubahabuza bakava mu bubohwa bwo mu Misiri nko “ku mababa [y]’inkukuma.” Mu nyuma gatoyi, bǎraraganye kugamburukira Imana. Uraraba ukugene ubugamburutsi bwajana rwose n’ukuronka ugushimwa n’Imana. Yehova yavuze abicishije kuri Musa, ati: ‘Ni mwanyumvira vy’ukuri, mukitondera ivyagezwe vyanje, muzombera inyegu niharije, nitoranirije mu mahanga yose: kukw isi yose ari iyanje.’ Inyuma y’ivyo, nya bantu bishurana ukwemera, bavuga bati: “Ivyo [Yehova] avuze vyose tuzobikora.” (Kuvayo 19:4, 5, 8; 24:3) Abisirayeli bǎvuga yuko bakunda Yehova, ko bǎmwiyeguriye, ko kandi bǎgize indagano y’ukugamburuka ijwi ryiwe. Kugira gutyo vyovuyemwo imihezagiro ihambaye.

9, 10. Bugingo Musa yari ku Musozi Sinayi, ni igiki Abisirayeli bagize, kandi bivamwo inkurikizi mbi izihe?

⁹ Mugabo rero imbere y’uko ingingo ngenderwako z’uwo mwemero zisarurwa mw ibuye n’ ‘urutoke rw’Imana,’ imivumo mvamana yaracitse iyikenewe. (Kuvayo 31:18) Ni kuki inkurikizi z’agacamutima mwen’izo bari bazikwiriye? Abisirayeli none ntibari berekanye icipfuzo c’ukugira ivyo Yehova yari yagamvye vyose? Egome, mu mvugo bǎrarondeye imihezagiro, ariko mu ngiro zabo bǎhisemwo ingendo yari ikwiriye imivumo.

¹⁰ Mu kiringo c’imisi 40 Musa yamaze ari ku Musozi Sinayi yakira ya Mabwirizwa Cumi, Abisirayeli bararenze kuri ya nsezerano yabo ya kare y’ukudahemuka kuri Yehova. ‘Muri ako kanya,’ ni nya nkuru ibivuga, “abantu babo[na ko] Mose atevye kur’uwo musozi, atamanutse, bakoranira kuri Aroni, baramubarira, bat’Enda, n’uturonkere imana [y]o kutuja imbere; kuk’umwe Mose yadukūye mu gihugu ca [Misiri], tutazi ico yabaye.” (Kuvayo 32:1) Ako ni akandi karorero k’agatima mburabwubashi kagaragajwe ku muntu Yehova yariko akoresha ico gihe ngo aje imbere yongere ayobore igisata ciwe. Abisirayeli bari bahurumbijwe ngo bigâne isengabimana ryo mu Misiri hanyuma bashwabura ingaruka ziteye ubwoba igihe abashika 3 000 bo muri bo bǎgwa ku nkota mu musi umwe.—Kuvayo 32:2-6, 25-29.

Umwaturo w’Imihezagiro n’Imivumo

11. Ni inkurikizwa nyabaki ziraba imihezagiro n’imivumo zashizwe mu ngiro na Yosuwa?

¹¹ Nko mu mpera z’imyaka 40 y’ikigendo mu bugararwa, Musa yaratondanuye nya mihezagiro yoshwabuwe mu guhitamwo ingendo y’ubugamburutsi ku Mana. Yaranadondaguye imivumo Abisirayeli bokwiboneye baramutse bahisemwo kugambararira Yehova. (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 27:11-28:10) Gatoyi inyuma y’aho Isirayeli yinjiriye mu Gihugu c’Isezerano, Yosuwa yarashize mu ngiro inkurikizwa zatanzwe na Musa zerekeye iyo mihezagiro n’iyo mivumo. Imiryango itandatu ya Isirayeli yarahagaze mu ntaba z’Umusozi Ebalu, hanyuma yindi itandatu ishibama imbere y’Umusozi Gerizimu. Abalewi bǎhagaze mu mubande uri hagati yayo. Uko biboneka, nya miryango yashibamye imbere y’Umusozi Ebalu yavuze ‘Amen!’ kuri iyo mivumo canke imisabiriro, iyasomwa irabishwa iyo bari. Abandi barishuye ku mihezagiro Abalewi bǎsomye barabisha iyo abo bari mu ntaba z’Umusozi Gerizimu.—Yosuwa 8:30-35.

12. Imivumo imwimwe yǎtuwe n’Abalewi yari iyihe?

¹² Shushanya ko wumva Abalewi bavuga bati: “Azoba avumwe, umuntu abāza igishushanyo cank’akakivugutira mu nkero, ar’igikorwa c’umuhinga, akagishinga mu mpisho. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūkēngēra se canke nyina. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūshingūra akarimbi k’urubibe rw’umubanyi wiwe. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūhuvya impumyi ngw ite inzira yayo. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūgoreka urubanza rw’inyambukīra, canke rw’impfuvyi canke rw’umupfakazi. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūryamana na muka se, kukw aba yorosoye impuzu ya se. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūryamana n’igitungano ic’ari co cose. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūryamana na mushiki we, ar’uwo basangiye se canke nyina. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūryamana na inabukwe. . . . Azoba avumwe, uwica mugenzi we mu mpisho. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūhērewe ngw aje kwica umuntu ata co yakoze. . . . Azoba avumwe, ūdashitsa amajambo y’ibi vyagezwe ngw ayitondere.” Inyuma y’umuvumo umwumwe wose, nya miryango imbere y’Umusozi Ebalu bavuga ngo, “Amen”!—Gusubira mu vyagezwe 27:15-26.

13. Mu majambo yawe bwite, woserura ute imihezagiro imwimwe Abalewi bǎtuye?

¹³ Ubu na ho shushanya yuko wumva abari imbere y’Umusozi Gerizimu bishura n’ijwi ku muhezagiro wose Abalewi bávugiye hejuru bati: “Muzogira umuhezagiro mu bisagara, muzowugira no mu matongo. Uruvyaro rwo mu nda zanyu ruzohezagirwa, bo n’imirima yo mu ndimiro zanyu, n’uruvyaro rw’amasho yanyu, inka zanyu zirondoke, bo n’imikuku yanyu. Mu bisimbo vyanyu hazoba umuhezagiro, bo no mu twato twanyu mucumbamwo. Muzogira umuhezagiro mu maja no mu maza.”—Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:3-6.

14. Abisirayeli boronse imihezagiro hishimikijwe ishingiro nki?

¹⁴ Ishingiro ry’ukuronka iyo mihezagiro ryari iriki? Iyo nkuru ivuga iti: “Ni mwagira umwete wo kwumvira Uhoraho Imana yanyu, mukitondera ivyagezwe vyiwe vyose mbagera uyu musi, mukabishitsa, Uhoraho Imana yanyu azobashira hejuru gusumba amahanga yose yo mw isi. Kand’iyi mihezagiro izobazako, ibashikīre, ni mwumvira Uhoraho Imana yanyu.” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:1, 2) Egome, urupfunguzo rw’ukwinovora imihezagiro mvamana bwari ubugamburutsi ku Mana. Ariko bite hoho kuri twebwe kino gihe? Twoba umwumwe tuzohitamwo imihezagiro n’ubuzima mu kubandanya ‘kwumvira ijwi rya Yehova’?—Gusubira mu vyagezwe 30:19, 20.

Ukubiraba Neza Kuruta

15. Ni iciyumviro giki cari mu muhezagiro wanditse muri Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:3, kandi dushobora kucungukirako dute?

¹⁵ Reka tuzirikane imihezagiro imwimwe umwisirayeli yoshoboye kwinovora kubera ukugamburukira Yehova. Nk’akarorero, Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:3 havuga hati: “Muzogira umuhezagiro mu bisagara, muzowugira no mu matongo.” Uguhezagirwa n’Imana ntiguhagaze ku hantu umuntu aba canke ku co ashinzwe. Hari abokwiyumvamwo ko bafatîwe mu kuntu ivyabo bimeze, kumbure kubera baba mu karere kǎkukumbwe mu vy’ubutunzi canke mu gihugu gitabagurwa n’intambara. Abandi bashobora kuba bipfuza rwose gusukurira Yehova ahandi hantu hatameze nk’aho bari. Abagabo bakirisu bamwebamwe bashobora kuba bacika intege kubera batagennywe ngo babe abasuku bagenwa canke abakurambere mw ikorane. Birashika ko abakenyezi bakirisu biyumvamwo ko badendebutse kubera ko bitabashobokera gutangura igikorwa ngenerwa c’igihe cose bwa batsimvyi canke abamisiyonari. Yamara, uwo ari we wese ‘yumvira ijwi rya Yehova kandi akitondera neza ivyo asaba vyose’ azohezagirwa ubu no mu buhoreho bwose.

16. Ingingo iri muri Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:4 iriko yibonerwa gute n’iyungungane rya Yehova muri iki gihe?

¹⁶ Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:4 havuga hati: “Uruvyaro rwo mu nda [yawe] ruzohezagirwa, bo n’imirima yo mu ndimiro [yawe], n’uruvyaro rw’amasho [yawe], inka za[we] zirondoke, bo n’imikuku [yawe].” Ikoreshwa ry’insigarirazina-ngereka yo mu giheburayo iri mu rudende ihinzowe ngo ‘yawe’ ryerekana yuko ivyo vyobaye ari ivyibonerwa n’umwisirayeli mugamburutsi ubwiwe. Abasuku bagamburutsi ba Yehova muri iki gihe bobo bite? Iyongerekana nkwirasi hamwe n’iyaguka riguma rishishikara mw iyungungane ry’Ivyabona vya Yehova ni ingaruka y’umuhezagiro w’Imana kuri twa twigoro dushimitse tw’abavugiraheru barenga 5 000 000 b’inkuru nziza y’Ubwami. (Mariko 13:10) Nayo ivy’uko hashobora kuzobaho iyongerekana riruta aho biraboneka kubera ko hari abarenga 13 000 000 bǐtavye iyubahirizwa ryo mu 1995 ry’Ingaburo y’Umukama yo ku Mugoroba. Wewe woba uriko winovora imihezagiro y’Ubwami?

Ihitamwo rya Isirayeli Ryaragize Ubudasa

17. ‘Ugushikīrwa’ n’imihezagiro canke n’imivumo vyari bihagaze ku biki?

¹⁷ Mu vy’ukuri, imihezagiro yokurikiye umwisirayeli mugamburutsi. Hari hasezeranywe ibi: “Iyi mihezagiro [yose] izobazako, ibashikīre.” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:2) Nk’ukwo nyene, ku mivumo vyari vyavuzwe uku: “Iyi mivumo yose izobazako, ibashikīre.” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:15) Iyo uja kuba uri umwisirayeli wo mu bihe vya kera, woba wari ‘gushikīrwa’ n’imihezagiro canke imivumo? Ivyo vyovuye ku vy’uko ugamburukira Imana canke uyigambararira.

18. Abisirayeli bari gushobora kuzibukira imivumo gute?

¹⁸ Muri Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:15-68, inkurikizi nteramubabaro z’ukugambarara zirerekanywe bwa mivumo. Zimwe ni igihushane neza c’imihezagiro iva ku bugamburutsi idondaguwe muri Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:3-14. Kenshi, igisata ca Isirayeli carashwabuye ingaruka nteramabavu z’imivumo kubera ko bahisemwo kuja mu nsengo y’ikinyoma. (Ezira 9:7; Yeremiya 6:6-8; 44:2-6) Ni agacavutu pe! Ingaruka mbi mwen’izo zari gushobora kuzibukirwa mu kugira ihitamwo ryiza, ari ryo kugamburuka amateka n’ingingo nkizabuzima vya Yehova, ibisigura neza iciza n’ikibi. Abatari bake muri iki gihe baracumukuzwa n’umubabaro hamwe n’amakuba kubera ko bǎhisemwo gukwakura mahushane n’ingingo zo muri Bibiliya mu kumogorera idini y’ikinyoma, kuja mu bushegabo mpuzabitsina, kunywa ibiyayuzi bibujijwe, kwivobeka mu vy’ukwūha ibinyobwa bikaze, n’ibisa n’ivyo. Nk’uko vyari muri Isirayeli no mu Buyuda kera, ukugira amahitamwo mabi mwen’ayo bivamwo ukudashimwa n’Imana hamwe n’umubabaro w’umutima utari ngombwa.—Yesaya 65:12-14.

19. Dondora ubumeremere abantu bǐnovora igihe Ubuyuda na Isirayeli vyahitamwo kugamburukira Yehova.

¹⁹ Imihezagiro yaraba umuyevere, n’umutekano ukiganza, igihe gusa Isirayeli igamburukiye Yehova. Nk’akarorero, ku vyerekeye ya misi y’Umwami Salomo, dusoma ibi: “Abayuda n’Abisirayeli bār’isinzi, bangana n’umusenyi wo mw isēsero ry’ikiyaga; kandi bārarya, bāranywa, bakanezerwa. . . . Nukw Abayuda n’Abisirayeli bībēra amahoro, umuntu wese mu mizabibu yiwe no mu misukoni yiwe, uhereye i Dani ugashitsa i Berisheba, igihe cose Salomo yari ku ngoma.” (1 Abami 4:20-25) Eka mbere no mu gihe c’Umwami Dawidi, icaranzwe n’ururwanyo rwinshi ruva ku bansi b’Imana, ihanga ryariyumvamwo ko Yehova arifashe mu mugongo kandi arihezagira igihe bahisemwo kugamburukira ya Mana yen’ukuri.—2 Samweli 7:28, 29; 8:1-15.

20. Imana yizigiye iki ku vyerekeye abantu?

²⁰ Wewe none uzogamburukira Imana, canke uzoyigambararira? Abisirayeli bǎri n’ihitamwo. Naho twese twarazwe impengamiro nyacaha ivuye kuri Adamu, twararonse kandi ingabire y’ubwihitiremwo. Nanzi Shetani, iyi si nkorakibi, hamwe n’amakemwa yacu, turashobora kugira ihitamwo ryiza. Vyongeye, Umuremyi wacu arizigiye neza yuko naho hoba ibigeragezo n’inyosha mbi bimeze bite, hazokwama hariho abagira ihitamwo ryiza, atari mu mvugo honyene, ariko no mu ngiro. (1 Petero 5:8-10) Wewe uzoba uri muri bo none?

21. Ni ibiki bija kwihwezwa mu mutagi ukurikira?

²¹ Mu mutagi ukurikira, turaja gushobora gushira ku munzane udutima hamwe n’inkwakuro vyacu mu muco w’uturorero twa kera. Umwe wese muri twebwe arakishurana ishimwe ya majambo Imana yavuga ibicishije kuri Musa, ngo: ‘Nshize ubuzima n’urupfu imbere yanyu, umuhezagiro n’umuvumo; kandi mutegerezwa guhitamwo ubuzima kugirango mubone kuguma muri bazima.’—Gusubira mu vyagezwe 30:19, NW.

Wewe Wokwishura Gute?

◻ Ni mu bugene ki Yehova yatumye imihezagiro ishoboka ku bantu banyavyaha?

◻ Imivumo ni iki?

◻ Vyari gushoboka gute ko Abisirayeli baronka imihezagiro mu gishingo c’imivumo?

◻ Ni imihezagiro nyabaki Isirayeli yǐnovoye kubera ukugamburukira Imana?

[Ifoto ku rup. 7]

Abisirayeli baterateraniye imbere y’Umusozi Gerizimu n’Umusozi Ebalu

[Abo dukesha ifoto]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.