Onde kokaka mboka ekomelo k’andja wɔma kana kikombola?

“Ɛlɔ kɛnɛ, Ekomelo k’Andja aya bu tsho dui dimɔtshi diɔkɔndwami lo Bible ko pe koko aya tshondo ya dui diakoka ntshama mɛtɛ.”

​—⁠Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, sekeletɛlɛ k’edjedja ka Nations unies.

ƐTƐKƐTA ɛsɔ wakate onto ɔmɔtshi la lokumu efula l’andja ɔnɛ lo dikambo di’“ekomelo k’andja” mɛnyaka woho woka anto efula dikambo sɔ ndo wadiɛnawɔ lo waa filmɛ, lo nkombo y’abuku, lo asawo wa lo tojurunalɛ ndo l’alapɔlɔ wa tita nsango. Anto fɔnyaka ɔnɛ ekomelo k’andja kɛdikɛdi olongo wɛnaso ɔnɛ la nkɛtɛ kɛnɛ tshɛ ayohandjɔ vwa. Ko “ekomelo k’andja” kɛdikɛdi na mɛtɛ? Dimbola dioleki ohomba diɔ nɛ: losango lakɔna lofundami lo dibuku dia Bible dielɛwɔ Oshweelo kana Enyelo?

Tshɛkɛta “Enyelo” tomba oma lo tshɛkɛta ya lo Grɛkɛ yalembetshiya ɔnɛ “ɔkɛnɛmwɛlɔ,” kana “woshweelo.” Kakɔna kakakɛnɛmwama, kana mbishwama, lo dibuku dia lo Bible dielɛwɔ Enyelo na? Onde aki paka losango la mpokoso, diewoyelo di’ɔnɛ diangɔ tshɛ diayoshila oshiki ko ndoko layotshikala la lɔsɛnɔ? Lam’akawawombola kɛnɛ kakanyiyande lo dikambo dia dibuku dia lo Bible dia Enyelo, ombewi ɔmɔtshi w’ɛkɔndɔ welɛwɔ Jean Delumeau, ose Institut de France, akate ate: “Diɔ diekɔ dibuku diasamba anto ndo diawasha elongamelo. Anto mbidjaka oshimu esɔ lo kɛnɛ kofundami lo dibuku sɔ lam’alekawɔ ndjasha paka l’ɛkɔndɔ wa lɔkɔ watɛkɛta dia mpokoso ya weke.”

Woho wakɔsaka ɛkɛlɛsiya wa ntondo ekomelo k’andja

“Akristo” wa ntondo ngande akawɔsaka dibuku di’Enyelo ndo elongamelo ka lɔkɔ ka Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu layolɛ Kristo nkɛtɛ k’otondo na? Ombewi akɔ wâmɛ w’ɛkɔndɔ akate ate: “Dimi mɛnaka di’oko Akristo wa lo ntambe ya ntondo, lo yɛdikɔ y’efula, wakakongɛka lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu. . . . L’atei w’Akristo wa lo ntambe ya ntondo wanɛ waki la mbetawɔ ɔnɛ Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu layoya, aki: Papias, opiskɔpɔ wa l’osomba wa Hiérapolis l’Asie Mineure, . . . Justin w’Osanto, lakotɔ la Palɛstina ndo lakavwɛ mbetawɔ l’Ɔrɔma otsha l’ɔnɔnyi wa 165, Irénée w’Osanto, opiskɔpɔ wa l’osomba wa Lyon, ɔnɛ lakavu l’ɔnɔnyi wa 202, Tertullien, lakavu l’ɔnɔnyi wa 222, ndo . . . ofundji a woke wa mikanda welɛwɔ Lactance.”

Lo dikambo dia Papias, latawɔ ɔnɛ akavwela mbetawɔ l’osomba wa Pɛrgamɛ l’ɔnɔnyi wa 161 kana wa 165 lo nshi yaso nyɛ, ansiklopedi ɔmɔtshi (The Catholic Encyclopedia) mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Papias, opiskɔpɔ wa l’osomba wa Hiérapolis ndo ombiki waki Joani w’Osanto, akɛnamaka oko onto laki omamedi wa wolo wa wetshelo w’ɔnɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu laki Kristo layonga. Nde akataka ɔnɛ nde akalongola wetshelo ande oma le wanɛ wakasɛnaka lo nshi y’Apɔstɔlɔ, ndo Irénée mbutaka ɔnɛ ‘Osasɛrdɔsɛ’ okina, lakɛnyi ombiki Joani la washo ande ndo lakoke dui diande, akalakanyema wetshelo wa lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu laki Kristo oma le tshondo yande oko wetshelo wa Nkumadiɔndjɔ. Lo ndjela Eusèbe, . . . Papias akate lo dibuku diande ɔnɛ lam’ayoshila eolwelo ka wanɛ wakavu, kete ɛnɔnyi kinunu wa diolelo dia laa nkɛtɛ diɛnama ndo dia lotombo diaki Kristo tatɛ.”

Kɛsɔ tɛ̂nyaka dia dibuku di’Enyelo diaki la shɛngiya yakɔna le ambetawudi wa ntondo na? Onde diɔ diakawaokiyaka wɔma kana diakawashaka elongamelo? Dui dia diambo ko, ambewi w’ɛkɔndɔ mbelɛka Akristo wa ntondo ɔnɛ waa shiliyastɛ, tshɛkɛta yotumbi oma lo tɔtɛkɛta ta lo Grɛkɛ t’ɔnɛ khilia ete (ɛnɔnyi kinunu). Eelo mɛtɛ, efula ka l’atei awɔ wakeyamaka dia vɔ waketawɔka ɔnɛ Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu laki Kristo layonga, lɔ mbayela paradiso laa nkɛtɛ. Lo Bible k’otondo, dihole diamɛ diolembetshiyami elongamelo ka lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu lo yoho yokɛma hwe ko lo dibuku di’Enyelo kana Oshweelo. (Eny. 20:​1-7) Ɔnkɔnɛ, dibuku di’Enyelo kombokiyaka ambetawudi wɔma koko diakawashaka elongamelo ka dimɛna efula. Lo dibuku diande dimɔtshi (The Early Church and the World), Cecil Cadoux, prɔfɛsɛrɛ k’ɛkɔndɔ w’ɛtɛmwɛlɔ la Oxford, akafunde ate: “Tokanyi ta wa shiliyastɛ, kânga mbakitɔ kondjetawɔma nto l’ɔkɔngɔ diko, taketawɔma edja k’efula l’atei w’Ɛkɛlɛsiya, ndo takalakanyemaka oma le afundji amɔtshi wa mikanda wakɔsamaka la nɛmɔ di’efula.”

Ɔkɔkɔ wakiwɔ kondjetawɔ elongamelo ka l’ɛnyɛlɔ

Lam’ele ndoko onto lakoka manguna dia efula k’Akristo wa ntondo, kana suke la tshɛ kawɔ, wakalongamɛka Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu laki Kristo lo nkɛtɛ kambokadimɔ paradiso, ngande lâsɔ ‘wakawayotshikaka mbetawɔ’ “tokanyi tɔsɔ taki wa shiliyastɛ” na? Oko wakadite nomb’ewo kelɛwɔ Robert Mounce, ɛkɔkɔ ɛmɔtshi w’eshika wakayokokaka tokanyi tɔsɔ mɔnywama ele, “lonyangu ko efula ka wa shiliyastɛ wakayolodjaka dikanyiyakanyiya diakiwɔ tɔ lo wetshelo ɔsɔ ndo wakalembetshiyaka wetshelo akɔ ɔsɔ ɔnɛ lam’ayoya etena k’ɛnɔnyi kinunu kakongɛwɔ, wayonga la lomombo woho w’anyanya ndo weho tshɛ w’ɛngɛnɔngɛnɔ wa demba lo tshambandeko.” Koko, tokanyi tɔsɔ ta tshambandeko takakoke nɔngɔswama aha la paka ntona elongamelo ka mɛtɛ ka Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu.

Dui dia diambo ele ehomɔ kakakambe l’atunyi wa wetshelo wa lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu dia vɔ mbidja wetshelo ɔsɔ l’ashi. Lo dikambo di’osasɛrdɔsɛ w’oseka Mupɛ w’os’Ɔrɔma wakawelɛka Caius (ekomelo ka ntambe ka hende, etatelo ka ntambe ka sato), Dictionnaire de théologie catholique mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Dia nde dinyadinya wetshelo w’ɔnɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu layonga, nde akanguna mɛtɛ ka dibuku dia Enyelo [Oshweelo] la Evanjiliɔ wa Joani w’Osanto.” Diksiɔnɛrɛ sɔ mbutaka nto ɔnɛ Denis, opiskɔpɔ wa l’osomba w’Alexandrie wa lo ntambe ka sato, akafunde okanda ɔmɔtshi dia ndɔsha wetshelo wa lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu ɔnɛ “dia shimba wanɛ wamamema lokanyi lɔsɔ di’aha vɔ ndjaɛkɛ lo dibuku di’Enyelo diakafunde Joani w’Osanto, nde komengenga kânga yema dia mbuta ɔnɛ dibuku sɔ aki dibuku dia kashi.” Ɔlɔshɛlɔ wa wolo ngasɔ w’elongamelo k’ɛtshɔkɔ wa lo lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu laa nkɛtɛ mɛnyaka shɛngiya ya mayɛlɛ yakakambaka olimu l’atei w’ambewi wa teoloji wa l’etena kɛsɔ.

Lo dibuku diande dielɛwɔ ɔnɛ Wambowesa Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu (l’Angɛlɛ), Prɔfɛsɛrɛ Norman Cohn akafunde ate: “Lo ntambe ka sato mbakawamɛ mɔnyɔla wetshelo wa lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu. Etena kakɔ, Origène, onto laki ondo ombewi wa teoloji wakaleke lokumu l’Ɛkɛlɛsiya w’edjedja, akatatɛ nembetshiya Diolelo oko dikambo dimɔtshi diahomba ntshama, aha lo dihole dimɔtshi kana l’etena kɛmɔtshi, koko l’atei w’etema w’ambetawudi.” Origène kondjaɛkɛ lo Bible koko akayaɛkɛ lo filozofi y’Ase Grɛkɛ ko akayɔlɛlɔla elongamelo ka dimɛna k’ɛtshɔkɔ wa laa nkɛtɛ lo Diolelo dia Mɛsiya lo ndjokilembetshiya oko “dikambo [diahokɛma ndo mbokɛma] . . . dia l’atei w’etema w’ambetawudi.” Ofundji ɔmɔtshi w’oseka Mupɛ welɛwɔ Léon Gry akafunde ate: “Yema yema, shɛngiya yakaleke wolo ya filozofi y’Ase Grɛkɛ . . . yakayotola tokanyi ta waa Shiliyastɛ, mbut’ate wanɛ wakalongamɛka lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu.”

“Ɛkɛlɛsiya amboshisha losango lawɔ l’elongamelo”

Ogistɛ mɛtɛ mbaki Nkumi k’Ɛkɛlɛsiya kakaleke sɔhanya filozofi k’Ase Grɛkɛ la kɛnɛ kaki lo nshi shɔ paka oko Lokristo la l’ɛlɔmɔ loto. Ntondo nde akasukɛka wetshelo w’ɔnɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu layonga, koko akayotonaka kanyi ya Lowandji layaye l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu laki Kristo laa nkɛtɛ. Nde akayotshikitolaka Enyelo tshapita 20 ko ndjilembetshiya oko shimu y’anyanya.

Ansiklopedi ɔmɔtshi (The Catholic Encyclopedia) mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Ogistɛ akayokomɛka lo ndjoyala la lokanyi l’ɔnɛ ndoko lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu layoyala. . . . Nde ate eolwelo ka ntondo katawɔ lo tshapita yakɔ kɛdikɛdi eotwelo ka hende kotɔ onto lo nyuma lam’abatizamande; sabato k’ɛnɔnyi kinunu l’ɔkɔngɔ w’ɛnɔnyi nunu samalo wambɔsɛna anto lanɛ laa nkɛtɛ kɛdikɛdi lɔsɛnɔ la pondjo.” Ansiklopedi okina (The New Encyclopædia Britannica) mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Woho wakalembetshiya Ogistɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu akayɔsamaka oko wetshelo w’ɛkɛlɛsiya . . . Wanɛ wakayotongaka tshunda di’Asɔnyi w’aseka Luther, w’aseka Calvin la w’ase Angleterre . . . wakamamema wolo lo tokanyi taki Ogistɛ.” Lo yoho shɔ mbakayohombaka ase ɛtɛmwɛlɔ wa Lokristokristo elongamelo ka lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu.

Lâdiko dia lâsɔ, lo ndjela ombewi wa teoloji w’Ose Suisse welɛwɔ Frédéric de Rougemont, “lo woho wakandatakɔ mbetawɔ kande ka ntondo k’ɔnɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu layoyala, [Ogistɛ] akasalɛ Ɛkɛlɛsiya kɔlɔ kaheyama mbuta. La lowandji l’efula laki lande, nde aketawɔ munga kɛmɔtshi kakayɔhɔtɔla [Ɛkɛlɛsiya] oyango awɔ wa lanɛ laa nkɛtɛ.” Ombewi wa teoloji w’Ose Allemagne welɛwɔ Adolf Harnack aketawɔ ɔnɛ wangunelo wa wetshelo wa Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu akahondja anto “ɔtɛmwɛlɔ wakawashihodiaka,” lo ndjonya “ɔtɛmwɛlɔ w’edjedja la elongamelo k’edjedja” ko ndjoya la “ɔtɛmwɛlɔ wakiwɔ kokoka shihodia.” Woho waya mvudu y’ɛtɛmwɛlɔ epolongoso eto ɛlɔ kɛnɛ ekɔ djembetelo ya shikaa yɛnya ɔnɛ anto wekɔ l’ohomba w’ɔtɛmwɛlɔ ndo w’elongamelo kakokawɔ mboka kana shihodia.

Lo dibuku diande dielɛwɔ ɔnɛ Atshina w’Akambo wa lo Dibuku di’Ɛnyɛlɔ (l’Angɛlɛ), George Beasley-Murray, nomb’ewo kɛmɔtshi k’awui wa lo Bible, akafunde ate: “Oma lo shɛngiya ya wolo yaki Ogistɛ ndo lo menda woho wakayɔsa taato t’ɛtɛmwɛlɔ wetshelo wa lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu, aseka Mupɛ la ase Asɔnyi wakayosangana kâmɛ di’aha mbetawɔ wetshelo ɔsɔ. Lam’awambolawɔ elongamelo kekina kakokawɔ mbisha onto la l’andja ɔnɛ, vɔ tokadimwolaka ɔnɛ: Ndooko elongamelo. Andja wayolanyema lam’ayoya Kristo dia ndjodja olongo wa pondjo ndo lɔsɛnɔ l’anto lanɛ laa nkɛtɛ layohamɛ. . . . Ɛkɛlɛsiya amboshisha losango lawɔ l’elongamelo.”

Elongamelo ka dimɛna ka lo ɛnyɛlɔ kekekɔ!

Lo wedi awɔ, Ɛmɛnyi wa Jehowa shikikɛka ɔnɛ alaka w’amɛna efula wokakatanyi la Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu wayokotshama. Lam’akawɔ̂kɔnya lo televiziɔ ka la France lo sawo diaki l’ɔtɛ ɔnɛ: “Ɔnɔnyi wa 2000: Wɔma w’Ekomelo k’Andja,” ombewi w’ɛkɔndɔ w’ose France welɛwɔ Jean Delumeau akate ate: “Ɛmɛnyi wa Jehowa wekɔ mɛtɛ l’ɔnɔngɔ a wanɛ walongamɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu [laki Kristo], nɛ dia vɔ mbutaka ɔnɛ kem’edja nto . . . kete tambɔtɔ lo ɛnɔnyi 1000 w’ɔngɛnɔngɛnɔ​—⁠koko lo mɛtɛ, tayotatenyanyisha efukutanu wa weke.”

Kɛsɔ mbakɛnyi ɔpɔstɔlɔ Joani lo ɛnɛlɔ kɛmɔtshi kɔkɔndwami lo dibuku di’Enyelo kana Oshweelo. Nde akafunde ate: “Ongo ɛɛnami olongo w’oyooyo laa nkɛtɛ k’oyooyo. . . . Mboke ko dui dya woolo dy’oma l’okudi dyata dyaate: ‘Kankiyaanɛ ngelo ka [Nzambi] kaya l’atei w’anto! Nde ayojaasɛ lawɔ ko vɔ wayoonga nkumbo kaakinde. [Nzambi] ndaamɛɛ ayoonga lawɔ ko nde ayoonga [Nzambi] [k]aakiwɔ. Nde ayookitola asɔyi cɛɛ oma lo washo waakiwɔ. Nyɔi hatoonga ntoo, kaanga otanda, kaanga nyangu kaanga nkanji. Akambo w’ejeja wayɛɛmba nshishɔ.”​—⁠Oshweelo 21:​1, 3, 4.

Ɛmɛnyi wa Jehowa wamboyasha l’olimu wa talakanyaka anto Bible l’andja w’otondo dia mbisha anto efula diaaso dia vɔ monga l’elongamelo kɛsɔ. Vɔ wayɔngɛnangɛna kokimanyiya dia wɛ mbeya awui akina wendana l’elongamelo kakɔ kɛsɔ.

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Papias akataka dia nde akalongola wetshelo wa Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu oma le anto wakasɛnaka lo nshi y’apɔstɔlɔ

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Tertullien aketawɔka ɔnɛ Lowandji l’Ɛnɔnyi Kinunu laki Kristo layonga

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© Cliché Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris

“Lo woho wakandatakɔ mbetawɔ kande ka ntondo k’ɔnɛ lowandji l’ɛnɔnyi kinunu layoyala, [Ogistɛ] akasalɛ Ɛkɛlɛsiya kɔlɔ kaheyama mbuta”

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Paradiso ka laa nkɛtɛ katolakawɔ lo dibuku di’Enyelo ekɔ dui dimɔtshi diahombaso nongamɛ l’ɔngɛnɔngɛnɔ