Onyankopɔn Din Pue Wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm No Mu

Bible ho abenfoɔ gye tom sɛ Tetragrammaton (יהוה) a wɔde gyina hɔ ma Onyankopɔn din no, ɛpue bɛyɛ 7,000 wɔ Bible ntwerɛeɛ a wɔdii kan twerɛeɛ no fã a ɛne Hebri Twerɛnsɛm no mu. Nanso nnipa pii adwene yɛ wɔn sɛ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no deɛ, edin no ampue wom. Enti ɛnnɛ, wofa Bible pii a, worenhu edin Yehowa no wɔ ɛfã a nkurɔfoɔ taa frɛ no Apam Foforɔ no mu. Sɛ Hebri Twerɛnsɛm no mu nsɛm bi ba Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu, na sɛ Tetragrammaton no pue wɔ hɔ mpo a, wɔn a wɔkyerɛ Bible ase no mu dodoɔ no ara de “Awurade” na ɛhyɛ Onyankopɔn din ankasa no ananmu.

Nanso wɔn a wɔkyerɛɛ Twerɛ Kronkron—Wiase Foforɔ Nkyerɛaseɛ no ase no anyɛ no saa. Saa Bible no deɛ, edin Yehowa no pue wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu 237. Deɛ ɛmaa wɔn a wɔkyerɛɛ aseɛ no de edin no baa mu ne nneɛma titire mmienu yi: (1) Greek nsaano ntwerɛeɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ no, ebiara nni hɔ a ɛyɛ tete deɛ a wɔdii kan twerɛeɛ no. Greek nsaano ntwerɛeɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ no, fã kɛseɛ no ara, anyɛ yie koraa no, ɛyɛ berɛ a Bible atwerɛfoɔ dii kan twerɛɛ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no akyi mfeɛ 200 na wɔyɛɛ ho adwuma. (2) Saa berɛ no, wɔn a wɔhwɛɛ so twerɛɛ bi no sesaa Tetragrammaton no de Greek asɛmfua Kyʹri·os a ɛkyerɛ “Awurade” sii anan. Ebi nso wɔ hɔ a, deɛ na wɔayiyi Tetragrammaton no afiri mu dada na wɔhwɛɛ so twerɛɛ bi.

Wiase Foforɔ Bible Nkyerɛaseɛ Kuo no, wɔhuu sɛ biribiara kyerɛ sɛ Tetragrammaton no puee tete Greek nsaano ntwerɛeɛ no mu. Ɛno nti na wɔde Onyankopɔn din no baa Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu no. Wɔn nnyinasoɔ nie:

•  Hebri Twerɛnsɛm a na nkurɔfoɔ de yɛ adwuma wɔ Yesu ne n’asomafoɔ no berɛ so no, na Tetragrammaton no wom bebree. Berɛ bi a atwam no, nnipa mmaako mmaako bi gyee saa asɛm yi ho kyim. Nanso seesei, nhwehwɛmufoɔ akɔhu Hebri Twerɛnsɛm no bi a wɔyɛɛ no asomafoɔ no berɛ so wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn Qumran. Ɛno ama akyinnyegyeɛ no nyinaa to atwa.

•  Yesu ne n’asomafoɔ no berɛ so no, na Tetragrammaton no san wɔ Hebri Twerɛnsɛm a wɔakyerɛ aseɛ kɔ Greek kasa mu no mu. Tete no, wɔkyerɛɛ Hebri Twerɛnsɛm no ase kɔɔ Greek kasa mu, na na wɔfrɛ no Septuagint. Akyire yi, nkurɔfoɔ hwɛɛ so twerɛɛ bi. Saa nsaano ntwerɛeɛ no, ɛfiri tete nyinaa, na abenfoɔ adwene yɛ wɔn sɛ Tetragrammaton no nnim. Nanso bɛyɛ afe 1950 mu no, nwomanimfoɔ huu Septuagint nsaano ntwerɛeɛ asinasini bi. Akyɛ paa; Yesu berɛ so nyinaa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Wɔhuu sɛ wɔde Hebri atwerɛ Onyankopɔn din wom. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ Yesu berɛ so no, Bible mu nsɛm a na ɛwɔ Greek kasa mu no, na Onyankopɔn din wom. Bɛyɛ mfeɛ 300 akyi no, wɔyɛɛ Greek Septuagint nsaano ntwerɛeɛ bi a agye din. Baako ne Codex Vaticanus, ɛnna baako nso ne Codex Sinaiticus. Saa nsaano ntwerɛeɛ no, na Onyankopɔn din nni Genesis kɔsi Malaki (nanso tete deɛ no deɛ, na ɛwom). Enti ɛnyɛ nwanwa sɛ nsaano ntwerɛeɛ a wɔyɛɛ no saa berɛ no nyinaa, wohwɛ ɛfã a wɔfrɛ no Apam Foforɔ anaa Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu a, worenhu Onyankopɔn din.

  Yesu kaa no pefee sɛ: “M’Agya din mu na mebae.” Ɔsan sii so dua sɛ nnwuma a ɔyɛ nyinaa, ɔyɛ no n’Agya “din mu.”

•  Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no ankasa mpo ma yɛhu sɛ na Yesu taa ka Onyankopɔn din ho asɛm, na ɔdaa edin no adi kyerɛɛ nkurɔfoɔ. (Yohane 17:6, 11, 12, 26) Yesu kaa no pefee sɛ: “M’Agya din mu na mebaeɛ.” Ɔsan sii so dua sɛ nnwuma a ɔyɛ nyinaa, ɔyɛ no n’Agya “din mu.”—Yohane 5:43; 10:25.

•  Onyankopɔn honhom na ɔde kaa nnipa maa wɔtwerɛɛ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no kaa Hebri Twerɛnsɛm no ho. Enti ɛbɛyɛ nwanwa sɛ Yehowa din bɛtumi ayera afiri Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu prɛko pɛ. Asomafoɔ no berɛ so no, osuani Yakobo ka kyerɛɛ Yerusalem mpanimfoɔ no sɛ: “Simeon aka no pefee ama yɛahunu sɛdeɛ Onyankopɔn danee n’ani kɔɔ amanaman no so berɛ a ɛdi kan na ɔyii nnipa bi firii wɔn mu de ne din too wɔn so no.” (Asomafoɔ Nnwuma 15:14) Saa berɛ no, sɛ na obiara nnim Onyankopɔn din anaa obiara mmɔ din no a, anka hwan na ɔbɛhunu deɛ Yakobo repɛ akyerɛ?

•  Onyankopɔn din a wɔatwa no tia pue wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu. “Haleluya” a ɛwɔ Adiyisɛm 19:1, 3, 4, 6 no, Onyankopɔn din no hyɛ mu. Ɛfiri Hebri asɛmfua bi mu, na ɛkyerɛ: “Monyi Yah ayɛ.” “Yah” nso yɛ edin Yehowa a wɔatwa no tia. Edin bebree wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu a wɔnya firii Onyankopɔn din no mu. Yesu mpo, nwoma ahodoɔ bi ka sɛ ne din no kyerɛ “Yehowa Ne Nkwagyeɛ.”

•  Nwoma ahodoɔ a tete Yudafoɔ twerɛeɛ no ma yɛhu sɛ, saa berɛ no, na Yudafoɔ a wɔyɛ Kristofoɔ no twerɛ Onyankopɔn din wɔ wɔn nwoma ahodoɔ mu. Yudafoɔ wɔ mmara nwoma bi a wɔfrɛ no Tosefta. Wɔtwerɛ wiee bɛyɛ afe 300 Y.B., na ɛkaa sɛdeɛ na Homeda biara, atamfo hye Kristofoɔ nwoma no ho asɛm sɛ: “Wɔhyee Asɛmpakafoɔ no nwoma ne minimfoɔ no nwoma. [Minimfoɔ no, wɔkyerɛ mu sɛ wɔyɛ Yudafoɔ Kristofoɔ.] Wɔde guu gya mu maa no ne Onyankopɔn Din a ɛwom no nyinaa hyee dwerɛbee.” Nwoma korɔ no ara faa Galileani Yosé a ɔyɛ Rabi anom asɛm kaeɛ. Ɔtenaa ase wɔ Yesu awoɔ akyi bɛyɛ mfeɛ 100, na nwoma no se ɔkaa sɛ da a ɛnyɛ Homeda no, “na wɔtwitwa baabi a Onyankopɔn Din pue wɔ [Kristofoɔ nwoma no] mu de sie, na afei wɔhye nwoma no fã a aka no.”

•  Bible ho abenfoɔ binom gye tom sɛ, sɛ Hebri Twerɛnsɛm no mu nsɛm bi pue wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu, na sɛ Onyankopɔn din wɔ hɔ a, yɛbɛtumi agye adi sɛ edin no bɛba hɔ nso. Nsɛm asekyerɛ nwoma bi mu asɛm a n’asɛmti ne “Tetragrammaton in the New Testament” [Tetragrammaton a Ɛwɔ Apam Foforɔ No Mu] kaa sɛ: “Nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yɛbɛtumi agyina so aka sɛ berɛ a wɔretwerɛ Apam Foforɔ no, sɛ Apam Dada no mu nsɛm bi pue wom a, saa nsɛm no nyinaa anaa ne fã bi deɛ, wobɛhu Tetragrammaton a ɛyɛ Onyankopɔn din Yahwe no wom.” (The Anchor Bible Dictionary) Ɔbenfoɔ George Howard ka sɛ: “Greek Bible [Septuagint] a ɛno ne Twerɛnsɛm a na tete asɔre no [anaa Kristofoɔ] kenkan no, ɛsiane sɛ na wɔda so ara twerɛ [Tetragrammaton] no wom nti, nteaseɛ wom sɛ yɛbɛgye adi sɛ, sɛ Apam Foforɔ no atwerɛfoɔ refa Apam Dada no mu asɛm aka a, na wɔnyi [Tetragrammaton] no mfiri mu.”

•  Bible asekyerɛfoɔ bi a wɔbu wɔn paa de Onyankopɔn din baa wɔn nkyerɛaseɛ mu wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu. Wɔn mu bi de edin no baa wɔn nkyerɛaseɛ mu koraa ansa na Wiase Foforɔ Nkyerɛaseɛ no reba. Bible asekyerɛfoɔ no bi Bible ne wɔn ankasa din na ɛdidi so yi: A Literal Translation of the New Testament . . . From the Text of the Vatican Manuscript, Herman Heinfetter (1863); The Emphatic Diaglott, Benjamin Wilson (1864); The Epistles of Paul in Modern English, George Barker Stevens (1898); St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans, W. G. Rutherford (1900); The New Testament Letters, J.W.C. Wand, London Sɔfopɔn (1946). Deɛ ɛka ho bi ne Bible a Pablo Besson kyerɛɛ aseɛ kɔɔ Spanish kasa mu wɔ afe 1919 mu no. Wokan ne Bible no a, wobɛhu “Jehová” wɔ Luka 2:15 ne Yuda 14. Afei nso, aseɛ hɔ nsɛm a ɛwɔ saa Bible no mu no, bɛboro 100 twe adwene si mmeaeɛ bi a ebia anka ɛsɛ sɛ Onyankopɔn din no ba so. Bɛboro mfeɛ 200 ansa na Bible ahodoɔ a yɛaka ho asɛm yi nyinaa reba no, na nkurɔfoɔ akyerɛ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no ase kɔ Hebri kasa mu, na na Tetragrammaton no pue wɔ mmeaeɛ pii. German kasa nko ara mu no, anyɛ yie koraa no, Bible ahodoɔ bɛyɛ 11 na edin “Jehovah” (anaa Hebri asɛm “Yahweh” a wɔde aba German kasa mu) no pue wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu. German Bible asekyerɛfoɔ nnan bi nso, wɔtwerɛ “Awurade” a, na wɔde Onyankopɔn din no ahyɛ nkahyemudeɛ mu aka ho. Bible a wɔakyerɛ aseɛ kɔ German kasa mu no, bɛboro 70 na wɔde Onyankopɔn din no hyɛɛ aseɛ hɔ nsɛm mu anaa nkyerɛkyerɛmu afã hɔ.

  

•  Onyankopɔn din no pue wɔ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no mu wɔ Bible a wɔakyerɛ aseɛ kɔ kasa bɛboro ɔha mu. Onyankopɔn din nyɛ na wɔ Bible a wɔakyerɛ aseɛ kɔ kasa ahodoɔ pii mu te sɛ deɛ wɔka no Afrika, Amerika, Asia, Europe, ne Pacific aman mu no. (Hwɛ kratafa 1742 ne 1743.) Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a yɛadi kan de ama no, ɛno ara bi na ɛmaa Bible asekyerɛfoɔ de Onyankopɔn din baa Bible a ɛwɔ kasa ahodoɔ yi mu. Kasa no bi wɔ hɔ a, nnansa yi ara na wɔrekyerɛ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no ase akɔ mu. Saa Bible no bi ne Rotuman Bible (1999) a “Jihova” pue wom 51 wɔ nkyekyɛmu mmaako mmaako 48 mu no. Baako nso ne Batak (Toba) Bible (1989) a wɔkyerɛɛ aseɛ wɔ Indonesia no; “Jahowa” pue wom 110.

  

Enti nteaseɛ wom paa sɛ obi rekyerɛ Kristofoɔ Greek Twerɛnsɛm no ase a, ɔde Onyankopɔn din Yehowa no bɛba mu. Ɛno nti na wɔn a wɔyɛɛ Wiase Foforɔ Nkyerɛaseɛ no nso yɛɛ saa no. Wɔwɔ obuo kɛseɛ ma Onyankopɔn din no, na wɔsuro sɛ wɔbɛyi biribi afiri Onyankopɔn Asɛm mu.—Adiyisɛm 22:18, 19.