“Ngati Lipenga Lipereka Mawu Osazindikirika . . . ”

“PAKUTI NGATI lipenga lipereka mawu osazindikirika, adzadzikonzera ndani ku nkhondo?” (1 Akorinto 14:8) Kodi kusiyana kosonyezedwa ndi a Lutheran achiGerman—asilikali a tchalitchi—kungakhale chifukwa chakuti tchalitchi chikupereka mawu osazindikirika bwino? Lingalirani umboni.

Kuipa Kozindikirika

Mkati mwa zaka 200 zapita, anatero dikoni wa chiLutheran Wolfram Lackner, chiProtestanti chakana mopitirizabe kulongosola kwake kwa chikhulupiriro. Chotero chiProtestanti cha chiGerman “chikudzipeza icho cheni mu kuipa kozindikirika” tsopano.

Kuipa kozindikirika kumeneku kunadzawonekera kwambiri m’ma 1930, monga mmene bukhu la William L. Shirer The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich likulongosolera kuti: “Aprotestanti mu Germany . . . anali chikhulupiriro chogawanika. . . . Ndi kubuka kwa mayanjano a dziko kunadzanso kugawanika kowonjezereka. . . . Akhulupiriri opanda maziko a chiNazi ochulukira pakati pawo analinganiza ‘Kagulu ka Chikhulupiriro cha Akristu achiGerman’ mu 1932 . . . [ndipo] anachirikiza mwathithithi ziphunzitso za chiNazi za ufuko ndi malamulo autsogoleri . . . Lotsutsa ku ‘Akristu achiGerman’ linali gulu lina lochepa lomwe linadzitcha ilo lokha ‘Tchalitchi cha Confessional’. . . . Pakati pake pamakhala unyinji wa Aprotestanti, . . . omwe anakhala osagamulapo ndipo potsirizira pake, kwa mbali yaikulu, anagwirizana ndi zida za nkhondo za Hitler.”

M’chenicheni, zina za ziphunzitso za Luther zinapeza chiyanjo m’manja mwa Hitler mwenimwenimo. Chiphunzitso cha “maufumu aŵiri” cha Luther, chomwe chimatsutsa kuti Mulungu akulamulira dziko kupyolera ponse paŵiri mwa ulamuliro wa kuthupi ndi wa tchalitchi, chinasonkhezera chigonjero chotheratu ku nduna wamba. Chotero, chofalitsidwa cha chiLutheran Unsere Kirche chinavomereza kuti “mbali yaikulu ya chiProtestanti cha chiGerman . . . inakondwerera kutha kwa demokratiki ya Weimar ndi kutenthedwa maganizo kwakukulu ndipo inakondwerera wankhalwe watsopano.” M’chiyang’aniro cha lingaliro lolimba la chiLutheran lotsutsa Chiyuda, tchalitchi sichinachipeze icho kukhala chovuta kuletsa mu mautumiki a boma anthu omwe sanali mbadwa za Aryan.

Koma bwanji ponena za “Tchalitchi cha Confessional”? Mu 1934 icho chinatenga Barmen Declaration, yomwe inalongosola kutsutsa ku lingaliro la National Socialist. Kusonyeza kwa mu Berlin ponena za chiProtestanti mkati mwa Ulamuliro Wachitatu kunavumbula posachedwapa, ngakhale kuli tero, kuti kokha unyinji wachitatu wa gulu lonse la atsogoleri a chipembedzo cha chiProtestanti anachirikiza “Tchalitchi cha Confessional.” Ndipo palibe ndi mmodzi yense wa chiŵerengero chachitatucho yemwe anatsutsa Hitler mwachangu. Kutsutsa kwa awo omwe anakuchita mwachiwonekere kunalongosoledwa molakwa ndi Hitler kutanthauza chitsutso chochitidwa ndi tchalitchi chonse. Bukhu lakuti Der deutsche Widerstand 1933-1945 (Kulimbika kwa German 1933-1945) linalongosola kuti chotero anaperekedwa ku tchalitchi cha chiLutheran malo a chitsutso cha ndale za dziko omwe sichinasankhe icho cheni.

Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Hitler, tchalitchi chinali chosakazidwa. Kodi ndi mbali iti ya otsutsawo yomwe inawoneratu chizindikiritso chake chowona? Nchifukwa ninji kulira kwa lipenga lake kwakhala kosazindikirika chotero?

Kuthetsa mafunso amenewa, akulu a chipembedzo cha chiProtestanti 11 otsogolera, kuphatikizapo Gustav Heinemann, yemwe pambuyo pake anadzakhala prezidenti wa Federal Republic, anakumana mu October 1945 kukandandalitsa chomwe chimatchedwa kuvomereza kwa cholakwa kwa Stuttgart. Mosasamala kanthu za chitsutso chawo ku ulamuliro wa Nazi, iwo anati: “Timadzitsutsa ife eni kaamba ka kusakhala olimba mtima kulongosola chikhulupiriro chathu, okhulupirika kwambiri m’kupereka mapemphero athu, osangalala kwambiri m’kulongosola chikhulupiriro chathu, ndi achangu kwambiri m’kusonyeza chikondi chathu.” Atsogoleri achipembedzo amenewa anayembekeza kuti kulengeza kumeneku kukakhala mawu ozindikirika a lipenga ogwira ntchito, osonkhezera kuyamba kwatsopano.

Lipenga la Chipembedzo Kapena la Ndale Zadziko—Nchiti?

Mothekera atamvetsedwa chisoni kuti tchalitchi chawo chinachita zochepera m’kutsutsa Hitler, a Lutheran ambiri a ku German lerolino ali ofulumira kutsutsa malamulo a boma. Atsogoleri a chiLutheran, mwachitsanzo, anali pakati pa olinganiza oyambirira a gulu la otsutsa zida za nyukliya a ku Europe. Mu 1984 gulu la apasitala a Lutheran a ku North Germany anayamba kusonkhezera anthu a msinkhu wopita ku nkhondo kukana ntchito ya nkhondo. Tchalitchi chinatsutsa kachitidweka, ngakhale kuli tero, chikumanena kuti chinasonyeza “kulekelera kwa ndale za dziko kolingaliridwa kaamba ka malingaliro a Kristu omwe amaganizira mosiyanako.” Pa msokhano wawo wa mu 1986, tchalitchi chinachinjiriza kuyenera kwake kwa kulankhula nkhani za ndale za dziko ndipo kenaka chinatero. Icho chinalongosola kugwiritsidwa mwala pa zotulukapo za msonkhano wa mphamvu za dziko mu Iceland ndipo chinakambitsirana kwa nthaŵi yaitali ponena za malamulo a boma okhudza othawa kwawo, kusowa ntchito, ndi kopangira zida za nyukliya.

Ndi zowona kuti, si aliyense amene amavomerezana ndi changu cha ndale za dziko chimenechi. Luther, adakakhala ndi moyo lerolino, akadachitsutsa icho motsimikizirika, molingana ndi Profesa Heiko Oberman, wokhala ndi ulamuliro pa atsogoleri a kukonzanso. Ndipo Rolf Scheffbuch, dikoni wa chiLutheran, akudandaula kuti masiku ano kuwona mtima kwa chikhulupiriro cha Chikristu kumalinganizidwa mofulumira kwambiri ndi mkhalidwe wa wina kulinga ku tsankho la khungu kapena kuthetsa zida za nkhondo zoponyedwa ndi ndege.

Chiri chowona kuti kusiyana kwa ndale za dziko kukugawanitsa tchalitchi. Chirinso chowona kuti “mkhalidwe wokhalitsa wa chikondi” pakati pa tchalitchi ndi boma ukusonyeza “zizindikiro za kufooka” ndipo ukukhala ndi “nguwe,” monga mmene Bishopu Hans-Gernot Jung analongosolera chimenecho posachedwapa. Ichi chimalongosola mawu odzudzula onenedwa ndi wa ndale za dziko wotchuka wa ku German mu 1986: “Pamene nkhalango zomafa zikukambitsiridwa pa mlingo wotalikira kuposa Yesu Kristu, tchalitchi chaiwala ponena za ntchito yake yeniyeni.”

ChiProtestanti, monga mmene dzina lake limasonyezera, chinabuka kuchokera ku chikhumbo cha kutsutsa chomwe chinalipo kale. Chotero, kuchokera pa kukhazikitsidwa kwake, chiProtestanti chadzimva kukhala chaufulu, cholandira malingaliro atsopano, chotseguka malingaliro mkafikiridwe kake, chofunitsitsa kusintha ku machitachita a pa kanthaŵi. Palibe china chirichonse chomwe chimachitira chitsanzo ichi bwino lomwe kuposa nthanthi ya chiProtestanti. Popanda ulamuliro wolekezera wa kulamulira pa ziphunzitso—monga ngati Vatican mu nkhani ya Akatolika—wophunzira zaumulungu aliyense wakhala akuloledwa kuliza lipenga la iyemwini la kulongosola zaumulungu.

Kusagwirizana kwa Oliza Malipenga Aumulungu

Ichi chatulukapo m’mawu achilendo kwenikweni. Magazini ya Times inachitira ripoti chitsanzo mu 1979: “Kodi umafunikira kukhulupirira mwa Mulungu kuti ukhale minisitala wa chiProtestanti? Yankho, monga mmene chiriri chofala lerolino, liri lakuti inde ndi ayi. Makamaka, Germany, yakhala chinthu chenicheni cha kukaikira kwa aProtestanti kwa zaka makumi angapo. Koma mlungu watha, akumagamulapo kuti akafunikira kulemba polekezera kwinakwake, Tchalitchi cha West Germany’s United Evangelical Lutheran . . . chinathawa Rev. Paul Schulz kaamba ka chiphunzitso chachilendo. . . . Chiyambire 1971 iye wakhala akulalikira kuti kukhalapo kwa Mulungu mwaumwini kuli ‘kupeza otonthoza kwa mtundu wa anthu.’ . . . Pemphero? Liri kokha ‘kudziwonetsera kwaumwini.’ . . . Yesu? Ali munthu weniweni yemwe ali ndi zinthu zabwino wokhoza kulongosola yemwe pambuyo pake analemekezedwa kukhala Mwana wa Mulungu ndi Akristu oyambirira.” Kusonyeza kuti “kalongosoledwe ka Schulz sikali katsopano, kapena kosakhala ka nthaŵi zonse” inali nsonga yakuti mkati mwa kumvetsera iye “anapemphera nthaŵi zina kwa ophunzira zaumulungu osonkhana okondwerera.” Ndipo mosasamala kanthu za kachitidwe kake, “kulamulirako kunaumirira kuti kumachirikizabe ‘kuwunikira kofala’ kwa kulongosola kwa mmodzi ndi mmodzi.”

Akumalozera ku kuwunikira kofala kumeneku kwa kulongosola kwa mmodzi ndi mmodzi, danga la mkonzi la mu nyuzipepala linanena kuti maphunziro a zaumulungu a chiProtestanti amasowa “nsonga zowunikira ndi zenizeni za nthanthi” ndipo imakuitana iko kukhala “msanganizo wa maphunziro a zaumulungu oyambirira womwe umadza kokha kuchokera ku kuumirira kwa maimvaimva opanda maziko.” Kalata ya nkhani ya chiProtestanti ya ku Swiss inawonjezera kuti: “Kuzindikira ‘uku kapena kwina kulikonse’ kwa Chikristu” kwakhala “kukulowedwa m’malo ndi ‘ichi ndi chija’.” Nchosadabwitsa kuti ophunzira zaumulungu samagwirizana!a

Kodi Nyumba ya Luther Ikupita Kokugwa?

Vuto m’tchalitchi liri m’chenicheni vuto la chikhulupiriro. Koma kodi chikhulupiriro chingakulitsidwe mwa anthu omwe aleredwa pa “msanganizo wa nthanthi zopanda maziko” ndi kutsogoleredwa ku mbali yopanda maziko ya, “ichi ndi chija”? Kodi chiProtestanti chingayembekezere kusonkhezera magulu ake kuchita ntchito za Chikristu ndi mawu osazindikirika oterowo?

Kubwerera m’mbuyo mu 1932, wophunzitsa za maphunziro aumulungu Dietrich Bonhoeffer anadandaula kuti: “Icho [Tchalitchi cha chiLutheran] chimayesa kukhala kulikonse ndipo chotero chimatsirizira kusapezeka kulikonse.” Kodi kuli kuchedwa kaamba ka tchalitchi kuti chipeze kuzindikirika kwake? Nduna za tchalitchi zambiri zimavomera kuti njira ya nthaŵi zonse ya kupezanso mphamvu sidzagwira ntchito. Chinthu china chatsopano ndi chosiyanako chikufunika. Koma nchiyani? Bishopo woleka kugwira ntchito Hans-Otto Wölber wanena kuti: “Mtsogolo mwa tchalitchi simuli funso la kachitidwe, koma la zomwe amaphunzitsa. . . . Uli uthenga umene umagwira ntchito. . . . M’mawu ena, timaima ndi kugwa ndi Baibulo.”

Nzowona.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 26]

Kodi Ndani Anapereka Mawu Ozindikirika a Lipenga Kaamba ka Uchete wa Chikristu?

“Timadziŵabe zochepa ponena za magwero a kutsutsa kolimba kwa Nkhondo Yadziko II, kufikira tsopano kokha zotsatirazi ziri zodziŵika: Pakati pa a Lutheran, Hermann Stöhr ndi Martin Gauger mosatsutsa anakana ntchito ya nkhondo . . . Maina asanu ndi aŵiri a Akatolika angakhoze kutchulidwa . . . German Mennonites, otsutsa nkhondo mwa mwambo, sanasankhe ‘lamulo la kutsatira kusadzichinjiriza’ mkati mwa Kulamulira Kwachitatu, kozikidwa pa chosankha chopangidwa ndi msonkhano wa akulu ndi atumiki otumikira pa January 10, 1938. Otsutsa aŵiri mu Germany anadziŵika kukhala akutsutsa ntchito ya nkhondo. . . . Ziwalo zisanu ndi ziŵiri za Seventh-Day Adventists zingatchulidwe maina zomwe zinakana kupereka lumbiro la kulambira . . . ndipo zinaphedwa. Mboni za Yehova (Ophunzira a Baibulo) zinalira chiŵerengero chokulira cha minkhole. Mu 1939 panali chifupifupi anthu 20,000 mu ‘Ulamuliro wa Great German’ a . . . gulu la chipembedzo limeneli. Chayerekezedwa kuti mu Germany mokha Mboni za Yehova 6,000 kufika ku 7,000 zinakana kuchita ntchito ya nkhondo mkati mwa Nkhondo ya Dziko II. A Gestapo ndi SS anapereka chisamaliro chapadera ku gulu limeneli.”—“Sterben für den Frieden” (Kufa Kaamba ka Mtendere), lolembedwa ndi Eberhard Röhm, lofalitsidwa mu 1985.