Kumwa Mankhwala Panokha—Ubwino ndi Kuipa Kwake

Yolembedwa ndi mtolankhani wa Galamukani! ku Brazil

“MALONDA a mankhwala oti anthu azikamwa okha kunyumba akupita patsogolo,” anatero pulezidenti wa kampani yaikulu yokonza mankhwala. “Anthu amafuna kumasamalira thanzi lawo.” Ngakhale zili choncho, kodi pali zovuta zilizonse zimene muyenera kudziŵa?

Kunena zoona, ngati muwagwiritsira ntchito bwino, mankhwala akhoza kukuthandizani. Mwachitsanzo, insulin ndiponso mankhwala opha mabakiteriya ngakhale oral rehydration therapy (Madzi a Moyo) otchipa ndi osavuta kupanga amateteza miyoyo yambiri. Vuto la mankhwala omwa mosauzidwa ndi dokotala ndilo kuzindikira ngati mapindu akuposa ngozi yomwe ingatsatire.

Zoonadi, m’maiko ena madokotala odziwa ntchito yawo mwina angakhale kutali kwambiri kapena amafuna ndalama zambiri. Motero, anthu ambiri amadalira malingaliro a anzawo ndi abale awo kapena mabuku omwe amadziŵerengera okha kuti amvemo za mmene angamwere mankhwala. Ndiponso, “onenerera malonda amauza anthu kuti nkotheka kukhala wathanzi mwakungogula kapisozi,” anatero Fernando Lefevre, profesa wa pa Sao Paulo University ku Brazil.a Zotsatira zake, anthu ambiri amamwa mankhwala pofuna kuthetsa mavuto a kutopa ndi ntchito yakalavula gaga, kusowa chakudya chopatsa thanzi, ndipo mwina ngakhale kuvutika chabe ndi maganizo. Lefevre anawonjezera kuti: “Mmalo mwakuti awongolere kakhalidwe kawo mmoyo, anthu amayesayesa kuthetsa mavuto awo mwakumwa mankhwala amene amagula mosauzidwa ndi dokotala.” Ndipo ndani amadziŵa ngati wodwalayo akudziŵadi chimene akudwala?

M’malo momangogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kuchiritsa matenda monga mutu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kuwawa kwa m’mimba, ambiri amamwa mankhwala pofuna kuthetsa nkhaŵa, mantha, ndi kusungulumwa. “Anthu amafuna chithandizo cha dokotala chifukwa amaganiza kuti mapilisi athetsa mavuto awo,” anatero Dr. Andre Feingold. “Ngakhale akatswiri a zaumoyo amakonda kupereka mankhwala ndipo amafuna kuti munthu azipimidwa kaŵirikaŵiri. Sipakhala kuyesayesa kulikonse kofuna kudziŵa za moyo wakale wa wodwalayo, amene ambiri mwa iwo ankakhala moyo wovutika, wodandaula, ndi wosayenera.” Anavomereza motero Romildo Bueno, wa bungwe la World Council for Prevention of the Abuse of Psychotropics (mankhwala amene amasintha malingaliro kapena khalidwe): “Dokotala amakhala ndi nthaŵi yochepa yoonana ndi odwala, ndiye dokotala amalola munthuyo kupita, atangompatsa mankhwala ochiritsa zisonyezero za matenda.” Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kwakhalanso “njira [yothetsera] mavuto a chikhalidwe.” Komabe dokotala wina anachenjeza kuti odwala ambiri amafunika kupatsidwa mankhwala okhudza za malingaliro omwe mwawaonadi kuti akumuyenera.

Itakamba za “Kufala kwa Kumwa Prozac Fad,” nyuzipepala ya ku Brazil O Estado de S. Paulo inati: “Monga sitailo yatsitsi, mankhwala amene amatchuka amakhala achilendo.” Inagwira mawu Arthur Kaufman, wodziŵa zamaganizo kuti: “Kusaona bwino zomwe zidzachitika mtsogolo ndi kupanda cholinga mmoyo kumapangitsa kuti uzingofuna mankhwala ochiza mwamsanga kukhala njira yothetsera matenda onse.” Kaufman anawonjezera kuti: “Munthu akunkirankira kulingalira za mankhwala omwe angamthandize mwamsanga, motero, pokhala alibenso chidwi chofuna kudziŵa chopangitsa mavuto ake, amakonda kumwa pilisi osati kuthetsa chopangitsa vutolo.” Koma kodi kumwa mankhwala mosauzidwa ndi dokotala nkwabwino?

Kodi Kumwa Mankhwala Mosauzidwa ndi Dokotala Nkoipa?

“Chinthu chimodzi chodziŵika bwino pa zamankhwala m’zaka za zana la 20 ndicho kupanga mankhwala atsopano,” inatero The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Koma inatinso: “Mwinamwake mankhwala ndiwo amadwalitsa anthu kwambiri kuposa china chilichonse.” Ndipo, monga momwe mankhwala amathera kuchiza, amathanso kuwononga. Mapilisi a anorexia oletsa kumva njala “amagwira ntchito pa mitsempha yotumiza mauthenga m’thupi motero akhoza kupangitsa kusowa tulo usiku, kusintha khalidwe, ndipo nthaŵi zina ngakhale kuona zideruderu,” analongosola motero mlembi Cilene de Castro. Iye anawonjezera kuti: “Koma aliyense amene amalingalira kuti mapilisi a anorexia amangoletsa chabe kumva njala akudzinamiza. Kapisozi imodzi chabe ingathe kukhala chiyambi cha kumwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana, alionse akumaletsa zomwe ena anapangitsa.”

Mankhwala ambiri amene amagwiritsiridwa ntchito angathe kupangitsa zilonda za m’mimba ngakhale mseru, kusanza, ndi kutuluka magazi. Mankhwala ena sachedwa kusanduka chizoloŵezi chomawamwa kapena kuwononga impso ndi chiwindi.

Ngakhale mankhwala ena otchuka ngokayikitsa. “Kufala kwa kumwa mankhwala owonjezera mavitameniku nkwangozi kwambiri,” anachenjeza motero Dr. Efraim Olszewer, pulezidenti wa bungwe la zamankhwala la ku Brazil. “Sikuti chabe anthu akumwa mankhwala mosauzidwa ndi dokotala komanso madokotala ena osazindikira akumapereka mankhwala, monyalanyaza ngozi imene ikhoza kutsatira.” Komabe dokotala wina anati mankhwala a mavitameni ngati amwedwa moyenera ndi ofunika ndi othandiza kuchiritsa matenda ena m’thupi ndi matenda anjala.

Kudzipima Kwabwino—Motani?

Popeza sitingathe kumapita kwa dokotala nthaŵi zonse tikadwala, maphunziro a zaumoyo ndi kumwa mankhwala patokha koma moyenerera kungathandize mabanja athu. Komabe, musanamwe mankhwala ena alionse, nkofunika kudzipima moyenera ndi molongosoka. Ngati palibe dokotala pafupi kapena mulibe ndalama zoti nkukamulipira, kuŵerenga mabuku a zamankhwala kungakuthandizeni kudzipima moyenera. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la American Medical Association limafalitsa mabuku a mmene banja lingamwere mankhwala omwe amaphatikizamo chigawo cha masamba 183 chonena za zizindikiro za matenda. Izi zimathandiza wodwala kudzifunsa mafunso amene akhoza kuyankha kuti inde kapena ayi. Mwanjira imeneyi yosiya zomwe sizikuchitikirani, mukhoza kupeza chimene chikukuvutani.

Koma nanga ntchito ya dokotala nchiyani? Ndi liti pamene tiyenera kuonana ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala? Tingapewe bwanji kunkitsa kudandaula kapena kunyalanyaza za thanzi lathu monyanyira? Kwenikweni, m’dziko mmene matenda ndi vuto la za maganizo nzofala, kodi tingatani kuti tikhaleko ndi thanzi labwino?

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 4]

“Sipakhala kuyesayesa kulikonse kofuna kudziwa za moyo wakale wa wodwala, amene ambiri mwa iwo ankakhala moyo wovutika, wopanikizika, ndi wosayenera.”—Dr. André Feingold

[Bokosi patsamba 4]

Mankhwala Azitsamba

Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, anthu a miyambo yosiyanasiyana akhala akuchiritsa matenda ndi mankhwala azitsamba, mogwiritsira ntchito zomera zopezeka m’minda ndiponso m’nkhalango. Ngakhale mankhwala ambiri amakono amapangidwa kuchokera ku zomera, monga digitalis, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiritsa matenda a mtima. Motero Penelope Ody, membala wa National Institute of Medical Herbalists ku United Kingdom analemba m’buku lake kuti “pali mankhwala abwino oposa 250 omwe angathe kuthandiza kuchiritsa matenda ofala—kuyambira chifuwa wamba, chimfine, ndi kuwawa kwa mutu mpaka mankhwala apadera ochiritsira matenda apakhungu, kusapukusika kwa chakudya m’thupi, ndi matenda a ana.”

Iye analemba kuti: “Mankhwala azitsamba nthaŵi zonse atchedwa kuti ‘mankhwala a anthu onse’—mankhwala osavuta amene angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba kuchiritsa kupweteka m’thupi kochepa kapena kuwonjezera pa mankhwala amphamvu amene madokotala amapereka kwa odwala matenda otenga nthaŵi yaitali kapena opweteka kwambiri.” Iye anapitiriza kuti: “Ngakhale kuti zitsamba zambiri si zoipa, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru. Osamwa mopyola muyeso wake kapena kupitiriza kumamwa mankhwala panyumba ngati matenda sakusintha, kapena pamene akupita patsogolo, kapena ngati mukukayikira zakuti matendawo mwawadziŵa.”—The Complete Medicinal Herbal.