Kumene Aids Uli Mliri Waukulu

PAZAKA zochepera 15, AIDS yadzetsa tsoka pakontinenti iliyonse pa dziko lapansi. Pazaka zoŵerengeka chabe, bomba la m’zamoyo limeneli laphulika kukhala mliri waukulu koposa. WHO (World Health Organization) yayerekezera kuti padziko lonse nthenda imeneyi imayambukira anthu 5,000 tsiku lililonse. Zimenezo zikutanthauza anthu oposa atatu pamphindi iliyonse! Maiko omwe akhudzidwa koposa ndi aja osauka, otchedwa maiko osatukuka. WHO inaneneratu kuti pofika chaka cha 2000 maiko ameneŵa adzakhala ndi 90 peresenti ya onse okhala ndi HIV ndipo potsiriza 90 peresenti ya onse odwala AIDS.

Amene Akuvutika Koposa

Rose anali ndi zaka 27 ndipo anali wokwatiwa ndi ana atatu pamene mwamuna wake anadwala mwadzidzidzi. Mwamunayo anamwalira patapita miyezi ingapo. Chochititsa imfa ya mwamuna wake sanachidziŵe panthaŵiyo. Madokotala anampeza ndi TB. Achibale ake anati analodzedwa. Achibale a mwamuna anayamba kulanda Rose katundu. Apongozi ake anatenga ana ake iye kulibe. Rose anakakamizika kubwerera kumudzi kwawo. Patapita zaka ziŵiri iye anayamba kusanza ndi kutseguka mimba. Panthaŵiyo ndi pamene anadziŵa kuti mwamuna wake anafa ndi AIDS ndi kuti nayenso inamyambukira. Rose anamwalira patapita zaka zitatu, ali ndi zaka 32.

Nkhani zachisoni monga imeneyi nzofala kwambiri tsopano. Kumadera ena mabanja atunthu ngakhale midzi yatheratu.

“Vuto la Umoyo Lalikulu Koposa m’Nthaŵi Yathu”

Maboma a maiko osatukuka akupeza vuto lalikulu poyesa kulimbana nayo. Chifukwa chosoŵa ndalama ndiponso chokhala ndi zinthu zoyambirira zofunika kuchita, zofulumira ndi zokwera mtengo, AIDS ikukhala yosapiririka. Kugwa kwa chuma padziko lonse, kupereŵera kwa chakudya, masoka achilengedwe, nkhondo, chikhalidwe, ndi miyambo zikungokulitsabe vutolo. Kupereka chisamaliro chapadera chofuna makina ndi mankhwala kwa anthu amene AIDS ikuwayambukira nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi kuli kokwera mtengo. Zipatala zazikulu zambiri tsopano zili zodzala koposa, zowonongeka, ndipo zilibe antchito okwanira. Tsopano odwala AIDS ochuluka akutulutsidwa m’zipatala kuti akafere kunyumba kusiyira malo odwala ena omawonjezereka amene afunikira thandizo. Pamodzi ndi AIDS pakhalanso matenda ena amene akuwonjezeka kowopsa monga TB. Maiko ena asimba kuti imfa za TB zaŵirikiza kaŵiri pazaka zitatu zapitazo, ndipo pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya odwala AIDS omwe ali m’zipatala ali ndi TB.

Kuyambukira Chikhalidwe kwa AIDS

Mliri wa AIDS sukuyambukira chabe zachipatala komanso mbali zonse za zachuma ndi za chikhalidwe cha anthu. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya oyambukiridwa ali pakati pa zaka 16 ndi 40, misinkhu ya anthu ogwira ntchito koposa. Unyinji wa opezera mabanja chakudya ali m’gulu limeneli. Mabanja ochuluka amawadalira, koma akadwala ndi kufa pomalizira pake, ana aang’ono kwambiri ndi nkhalamba amatsala alibe owasamalira. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu onse mu Afirika, makolo a mwana akamwalira, mwanayo mwa mwambo amatengedwa ndi kusungidwa ndi achibale. Komabe, lerolino, makolo akamwalira, agogo kapena achibale ena otsala kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala okalamba kwambiri kapena amakhala ali ndi mtolo kale wosamalira zosoŵa za ana a iwo eni. Mkhalidwewu wachititsa vuto la ana amasiye ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiŵerengero cha ana a m’khwalala. WHO ikunena kuti m’chigawo cha Afirika cha kummwera kwa Sahara chokha, ana oposa 10 miliyoni adzakhala amasiye pofika kumapeto a zaka za zana lino.

Kwa akazi mliri wa AIDS uli wosautsa ndi wolemera moŵirikiza. Ali akazi amene kwenikweni amafunikira kuti apereke chisamaliro cha maola 24 chimene odwala ndi omafawo afunikira—kuwonjezera pa ntchito zina zonse za panyumba zimene ayenera kuchita.

Zimene Zikuchitidwa

Kuchiyambiyambi kwa ma 1980, akuluakulu aboma ambiri, powopa kuchititsa manyazi kwa AIDS ndipo pokhala osadziŵa mmene idzafalikira mofulumira, anachita mphwayi ndipo sanasamale. Komabe, mu 1986 boma la Uganda linalengeza za nkhondo yolimbana ndi AIDS. Pazaka zisanu ndi zinayi zapitazo, Uganda wanenedwa kuti ali ndi “njira zatsopano koposa zoletsera kufalikira kwa AIDS pa zimene zilipo lerolino.”

Lerolino, ku Uganda kuli magulu ndi nthambi zoposa 600 za m’dzikolo ndi za kumaiko akunja zimene zikufuna kuletsa kufalikira kwa AIDS. Nthambi zachithandizo zimenezi zakhazikitsa malo ambiri ophunzitsira za AIDS m’dziko lonselo. Anthu akudziŵitsidwa za AIDS kupyolera m’maseŵero, magule, nyimbo, maprogramu apawailesi ndi a pa TV, manyuzipepala, ndi telefoni. Limodzi ndi chisamaliro cha kunyumba ndi thandizo la ndalama, malangizo amaperekedwa kwa odwala AIDS ndiponso kwa akazi amasiye ndi ana amasiye.

Mboni za Yehova zimaona kusamalira ana amasiye ndi akazi amasiye monga mbali ya kulambira Kwachikristu. (Yakobo 1:27; 2:15-17; 1 Yohane 3:17, 18) Mpingo sumatenga thayo la apabanja la kusamalira a m’banja lawo. Koma ngati palibe apabanja apafupi, kapena ngati ana amasiye ndi akazi amasiye sakhoza konse kudzipezera ndalama, mpingo umawathandiza mwa chikondi.

Mwachitsanzo, Joyce anali mmodzi wa Mboni za Yehova ndipo anali kukhala ku Kampala, likulu la Uganda. Anadwala AIDS ndipo anafa mu August 1993. Asanamwalire, analemba nkhani yotsatirayi: “Ndinakulira m’Chiprotesitanti ndiyeno ndinakwatiwa ndi Mkatolika. Komabe, ndinaona kuti ambiri anali amayendedwe oipa m’tchalitchi chathu, chotero ndinasiya kupitako. Mkulu wanga wamkazi anali kuphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova, ndipo pamene anandichezera, anandiuza zimene anali kuphunzira m’Baibulo.

“Mwamuna wanga sanafune konse kuti ndiphunzire Baibulo. Ngakhale makolo anga anayamba kunditsutsa, makamaka atate. Chitsutso chimenechi chinapitiriza kwa zaka ziŵiri, koma sichinandilefule, pakuti ndinali wotsimikiza kuti ndinali kuphunzira choonadi. Pamene ndinauza mwamuna wanga kuti ndinafuna kubatizidwa, iye anakwiya. Anandimenya nandipitikitsa panyumba. Chotero ndinachoka ndi kukakhala ndekha m’kanyumba ka lendi.

“Patapita nthaŵi mwamuna wanga anandipempha kubwerera. Sipanapite nthaŵi yaitali kuchokera pamene ndinabwerera ndi pamene iye anayamba kulefuka ndi kumadwaladwala. Ndinadabwa, popeza kuti kale iye anali wathanzi nthaŵi zonse. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi tinadziŵa kuti anali ndi AIDS. Anamwalira mu 1987. Panthaŵiyo ndinali mpainiya wokhazikika [mlaliki wanthaŵi yonse], ndipo ngakhale kuti panthaŵiyo ndinali mkazi wamasiye wa ana asanu, ndinapitiriza utumiki waupainiya.

“Patapita zaka zinayi, mu 1991, ndinazindikira kuti ndinatenga AIDS kwa mwamuna wanga. Ndinayamba kumafooka ndi kutuluka ziwengo, kuwonda mofulumira, ndi kugwidwa ndi chimfine nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi. Ndinapitirizabe kuchita upainiya ndipo ndinali kuchititsa maphunziro a Baibulo 20, koma pamene nyonga yanga inali kutha, ndinawachepetsa kukhala ndi 16. Asanu ndi aŵiri mwa maphunziro ameneŵa anabatizidwa m’kupita kwa nthaŵi.

“Sindinakhalepo wosungulumwa kapena watondovi, pakuti mpingo unandichirikiza kwambiri. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, ndinayamba kuphonya misonkhano ina chifukwa cha kufooka kwa thupi. Abale anandijambulira misonkhanoyo pakaseti, ndipo ndinali kudya mwauzimu nthaŵi zonse. Akulu ampingo analemba ndandanda yakuti alongo anga auzimu azisinthana kundisamalira ngakhale kukhala nane usiku wonse. Komabe ndinali kuvutika maganizo ndi chinthu chimodzi—ana anga. ‘Kodi chidzawachitikira nchiyani nditamwalira?’ ndinaganiza motero.

“Mu Afirika amene amatenga katundu wa munthu wakufa kaŵirikaŵiri ndi achibale, chotero ndinapemphera nthaŵi zonse kwa Yehova za nkhaniyi. Ndinaganiza zogulitsa nyumba yanga ndi kumanga nyumba zazing’onozing’ono zalendi kuti ana anga nthaŵi zonse akakhale ndi nyumba yokhalamo ndi ndalama. Abale mumpingo anandithandiza kugulitsa nyumba yanga ndi kugula puloti ina, ndipo anandimangira nyumbazo. Ndinakhala mu imodzi ya nyumbazo ndipo mtima wanga unakhazikika podziŵa kuti ana anga adzasamaliridwa.

“Achibale anga anakwiya kwambiri chifukwa chakuti ndinagulitsa nyumba, ndipo anandipitira kukhoti. Abale anandithandizanso nasamalira nkhaniyo. Mlanduwo unatiyendera bwino. Ngakhale kuti ndili wofooka kwambiri tsopano, gulu lachikondi la Yehova ndi chiyembekezo cha Ufumu zikundithandiza kupirira. Chifukwa cha matenda anga tsopano ndili m’chipatala. Alongo anga auzimu akali kundichirikiza akumasamalira zosoŵa zanga usana ndi usiku, popeza kuti chipatala sichitha kupereka chakudya chokwanira ndi zofunda.”

Atakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi m’chipatala, Joyce anauzidwa kupita kunyumba. Pambuyo pa masiku aŵiri, anamwalira. Tsopano ana ake asanu akusamaliridwa ndi mlongo mpainiya mumpingo amenenso ali ndi ana ake atatu.

Mankhwala Ake

Ku Uganda, kumene AIDS uli kale mliri waukulu, Pulezidenti Yoweri Kaguta Museveni anati: “Ndikhulupirira kuti njira yabwino koposa yochitira ndi kuwopsa kwa AIDS ndi matenda ena opatsirana mwa kugonana ndiyo kuvomereza poyera ndi mosapita m’mbali ulemu ndi thayo zimene munthu aliyense ali nazo kulinga kwa mnansi wake.” Mwachidule, pafunikira kubwerera ku kakonzedwe ka ukwati ka kugonana ndi munthu mmodzi yekha. Aliyense amavomereza kuti imeneyi ndiyo njira yokha yotetezereka ndipo ndiyo njira yokha imene ingaletse AIDS. Komabe, ndi oŵerengeka chabe amene amakhulupirira kuti muyezo wotero wa makhalidwe uli wotheka.

Mboni za Yehova zili pakati pa awo amene samangokhulupirira chabe kuti khalidwe lotero lili lotheka komanso zimalitsatira. Ndiponso, monga Joyce, zimakhulupirira lonjezo la Mulungu la miyamba yatsopano ndi dziko lapansi latsopano mmene mudzakhalitsa chilungamo. (2 Petro 3:13) M’dziko lochotsedwapo kuipa konse, Yehova Mulungu adzakwaniritsa lonjezo lolembedwa pa Chivumbulutso 21:4: “Adzawapukutira misozi yonse kuichotsa pamaso pawo; ndipo sipadzakhalanso imfa; ndipo sipadzakhalanso maliro, kapena kulira, kapena choŵaŵitsa; zoyambazo zapita.”

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

Atate apita kukaika mwana wawo amene anafa ndi AIDS

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

WHO/E. Hooper