Ana Ali Pavuto
“Ngati ana sitiwapatsa nthaŵi yathu, nyonga yathu, ndipo ngati sitiwakonda, ndiye kuti mavuto aakulu akalekale omwe anthufe tili nawo adzangokhalabe mavuto aakulu mpaka kalekale.”—Bungwe loona zakuteteza ana, la United Nations Children’s Fund.
PADZIKO lonse ana ali pavuto. Umboni wokhutiritsa wakuti vuto limeneli n’lalikuludi unaperekedwa pamsonkhano wa bungwe ladziko lonse loteteza ana kumalonda auhule, la World Congress Against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children, umene unachitikira ku Stockholm, Sweden, mu 1996, ndipo panali nthumwi zoimira mayiko 130. Mwachitsanzo, anakambapo zoti m’mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi, muli atsikana mamiliyoni ambiri, ena aang’ono ndithu ngati azaka khumi, amene amakakamizidwa kuchita uhule.
Magazini ina ya ku Australia, ya Melbourne University of Law Review, inati kukakamiza ana kuchita uhule kumeneko kwatchedwa kuti “mtundu wina waukapolo woipa kwambiri lerolino.” Atsikana ameneŵa atamenyedwa, ndi kuzunzidwa maganizo kwa zaka zambiri, amalumala kwa moyo wawo wonse. Kaŵirikaŵiri, atsikanawo amalolera kuchitidwa nkhanza zimenezi kokha chifukwa chakuti amafuna kudya kuti akhalebe moyo. Amawaphanso mwanjira yakuwamana chakudya. N’zachisoni kuti ana opanda kwawo ameneŵa, anali kukakamizidwa ndi makolo awo enieni osauka kukachita uhule, kuti apeze ndalama.
Kuwonjezera patsoka lachidziŵikire la ana limeneli, palinso nkhani ina yobutsa mkangano kwambiri, yakukakamiza ana kugwira ntchito. Ku Asia, ku South America, ndi kwinanso ndiponso m’madera ena a anthu osamukira ku United States, ana ngakhale aang’ono ngati azaka zisanu amakakamizidwa kugwira ntchito imene ingatchedwe kuti “ntchito yaukapolo.” Amachita nawo ngati makina, kuwagwiritsa ntchito zovuta zimene zimawononga matupi awo ndi maganizo awo anthete. Ambiri n’ngosaphunzira, sakondedwa ndi makolo awo, amangokhala panyumba mopanda chimwemwe, alibe zoseŵeretsa, alibe kokaseŵera monga kupaki. Ambiri amangosautsidwa ndi makolo awo.
Ana Okhala Asilikali Komanso Amasiye
Tsokalo likukulakulabe chifukwa akulimbikira kugwiritsa ntchito ana monga asilikali m’magulu ankhondo oukira boma. Mwina amawaba anawo kapena kuwagula m’misika yogulitsa akapolo ndiyeno n’kumangowachita nkhanza, nthaŵi zina amawauza kuonerera munthu wina akuphedwa. Ndipo ana ena amalamulidwa kupha makolo awo enieni kapena amawamwetsa mankhwala osokozeza bongo kuti anawo asamaope kupha munthu.
Pansipa pali mawu osonyeza mmene ana zikwizikwi amene anali asilikali m’Afirika ankachitira, omwe anaphunzitsidwa kuchita nkhanza. Wina wogwira ntchito zothandiza anthu ankalankhula ndi mnyamata wina yemwe anali msilikali, yemwenso ankayesa kudziteteza monga wosalakwa, ndipo zimene analankhulanazo zinali zochititsa nthumanzi, ngati izi:
“Kodi unapha? ‘Ayi.”
“Unali ndi mfuti? ‘Inde.’
Kodi mfutiyo unam’loza nayo munthu? ‘Inde.’
“Nanga unayiwomba? ‘Inde.’
“Ndiye chinachitika n’chiyani? ‘Anangogwa basi.’ ”
Ena mwa achinyamata ameneŵa adakali ana ndithu, chifukwa ena mwa asilikaliwo n’ngazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Akuti mu 1988, ana amene anali asilikali ankakwana 200,000 padziko lonse.
Akutinso pakati pa 1988 ndi 1992, kunyumba yosungiramo ana amasiye m’dziko la m’Asia, ana 550, makamaka atsikana, ankawasankha kuti afe ndi njala. Nesi wina anati: “Ana amasiyewo analibe mankhwala ophera ululu wawo. Ngakhale pamene anali kufa, anali atamangiriridwa pamabedi awo.”
Nanga za ku Ulaya? Dziko lina la kumeneko linadabwa kumva kuti kuli gulu lina lopezeka m’mayiko ambiri lomwe limaba atsikana n’kumakawachititsa uhule. Atsikana ena atsoka anaphedwa kapena kufa ndi njala.
Malipoti ameneŵa akusonyeza kuti mayiko ambiri alidi ndi vuto lakusautsa ana. Koma kodi kungakhale kusinjirira kunena kuti vutoli n’lapadziko lonse? Nkhani yotsatira iyankha funso limeneli.
[Chithunzi patsamba 4]
Mwana yemwe ali msilikali ku Liberia
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
John Gunston/Sipa Press
[Chithunzi patsamba 4]
Pa fakitale youmba njerwa ku Colombia, ana amagwira ntchito ngati zitini zonyamulira matope
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
UN PHOTO 148000/Jean Pierre Laffont
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 3]
FAO photo/F. Botts