Yahova ni Mulungu Omwe Ambalewalewa na Wanthu

‘Ndaphata minyendo tetekera, ndin’funa kulewalewa nawe’.​—DJOB. 42:4.

NYIMBO: 113, 114

KODI MUNGATAWIRE TANI?

Thangwe ranyi Mulungu adafewesa njira ya kulewalewera na wanthu?

Thangwe ranyi tingalewe kuti bzirewedwe bzizinji bzingatazise lini Mulungu kulewalewa na wanthu?

N’ciponi cakulinga ca gulu la Yahova pa kusandulizira Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano?

1-3. (a) Thangwe ranyi cirewedwe ca Mulungu na luso lace lakulewalewa nda padzulu kwene-kwene kuposa la wanthu? (b) Kodi mu nkhani ino tinipfunza ciyani?

MULUNGU wa nthawe zense, adalenga wanjo na wanthu kuti wakhale na moyo wacikondweso. (Psal. 36:9; 1 Tim. 1:11) Mpostolo Juwau adalewa bza mwana wa Mulungu ninga ‘Fala’ ndipo ‘Pakutoma . . . Falalo likhali pabodzi na Mulungu.’ (Ju. 1:1; Cibv. 3:14) Yahova Mulungu akhambalewalewa naye mwana wace wakuyamba kubadwa, bza nzeru zace na momwe akhabvera. (Ju. 1:14, 17; Wakol. 1:15) Mpostolo Paulo adalewa bza cirewedwe ca ‘malirime ya wanjo’,comwe cimbalewalewedwa kudzulu kukhala ca padzulu kwene-kwene kuposa cirewedwe ca wanthu.​—1 Wak. 13:1.

² Yahova ambadziwa bwino mabidyau na mabidyau ya bzakulengedwa bzace bza nzeru, bza kudzulu na bza pansi pano. Ndipo ambakhala nthawe ya kutetekera mipembo ya m’bodzi na m’bodzi payekha ya wale womwe ambapemba kwa iye napo mu bzirewedwe bzakusiyana-siyana. Iye sikuti ambandotetekera mipembo yokha koma nthawe ibodzibodziyo ambalewalewambo na wana wace wakudzulu. Bzimwebzi bzin’funa kulewa kuti nzeru zace, cirewedwe cace, na luso lace lakulewalewa n’bza padzulu kwene-kwene kuposa cirewedwe ca wanthu. (Werengani Zaiya 55:8, 9.) Mpsakuwonekeratu padeca kuti, pomwe Yahova ambalewalewa na wanthu, iye ambafewesa mafotokozedwe ya nzeru zace kuti wanthu akwanise kubvesesa bzomwe iye an’funa kulewa.

³ Mbatipfunzeni tsapano momwe Mulungu wa nzeru zense adacitira bzinthu mwa padeca kuti ambakwanise kumbalewalewa na atumiki wace pa mbiri yense ya wanthu .Ifepano tinipfunzambo momwe iye ambacitira bzinthu mwa kubverana na momwe bzinthu bziriri na cakusaya ca pa nthaweyo.

FALA LA MULUNGU KUNA WANTHU

4. (a) Kodi ni cirewedwe ciponi comwe Yahova adaphatisa basa pomwe akhalewalewa na Mozeji Samuweri pabodzi na Davide? (b) Kodi m’Bibliya mumbafotokozambo ciyani?

⁴ Yahova adalewalewa na Adamu mu zunde la Edeni lire mwa kuphatisa basa cirewedwe ca wanthu. Mulungu adaphatisa basa cirewedwe cakuyambirira ca Cihebereu. Iye pambuyo pace, adafuna kuti nzeru zace zidziwidwe na wanembi wa Bibliya womwe akhalewalewa Cihebereu, ninga Mozeji Samuweri na Davide. Pomwe iwo wakhanemba nzeru zimwezi adaphatisambo basa mafala yawo yawo mwakubverana na momwe bzikhaliri. Kuthumizira mwa kunemba bzomwe Mulungu akhafuna, Mulungu akhalewalewambo nthawe zense na wanthu wace, kuphatanidza wale womwe wakhana cikhulupiro na lufoyi, na walembo womwe wadazimbula bzakuphonya bzawo na kusaya kukhulupirika kwawo. Bzense bzomwe bzidanembedwabzi mpsakufunika kwene-kwene nthawe yathu ino.​—War. 15:4.

5. kodi Yahova adangingimiza kuti atumiki wace wapitirize kuphatisa basa Cihebereu? Fotokozani.

⁵ Pomwe bzinthu bzidacinja, Mulungu alibe kupitiriza kumbalewalewa na wanthu mu Cihebereu. Pambuyo pa Wababulo kutsudzula wanthu wa Mulungu ku ukapolo, Ciaramaiko cidadzakhala cirewedwe ca kulewalewedwa nsiku na nsiku na wanthu wa Mulungu. Pinango limweri lingakhale thangwe ra Yahova kufulizira mpolofeta Danyeri Jeremiya na wansembe Ezara kunemba mbali inango ya mabukhu ya m’Bibliya mu Ciaramaiko.​—Onani mafala ya m’nyansi pa Ezara 4:8; 7:12; Jeremiya 10:11; na Danyeri 2:4.

6. Kodi bzidacitika tani kuti Fala la Mulungu ligumanikembo mu bzirewedwe bzinango?

⁶ Alexandre Mkulu, omwe pambuyo pace adakunda mbali ikulu ya dziko, ndipo Cigirego cidayamba kukhala cirewedwe cikulu pa dziko lense la pansi. Ajuda azinji wadayamba kulewalewa cirewedwe cimweci, bzomwe bzidacitisa kusandulizira Fala la Mulungu kucokera ku Cihebereu kuyenda ku Cigirego. Anyakusandulizira wakukwana 72 wadacita basa la kusandulizira Bibliya lomwe lidadzadziwika kuti Septuagint. Lidakhala Bibliya lakuyamba kusanduliziridwa ndipo ndakufunika kwene-kwene.a Basa la anyakusandulizira azinji limweri lidacitisa kuti Bibliya lisanduliziridwe mu njira zakusiyana-siyana. Kusandulizira fala na fala kulibe kuthandiza koma kusandulizira mafala mwakubveka bwino. Tenepo Septuagint likhawonedwa ninga fala la Mulungu kwa Ajuda omwe wakhalewalewa Cigirego ndipo pambuyo pace kwa Wakristau.

7. Kodi Jezu akhaphatisa basa cirewedwe ciponi pomwe akhapfunzisa ateweri wace?

⁷ Pomwe mwana wakuyamba kubadwa wa Mulungu adabwera pansi pano, iye akhalewalewa na kumbapfunzisa mu Cihebereu cirewedwe cakuyambirira ca m’Bibliya. (Ju. 19:20; 20:16; Mab. 26:14) Mu magole dzana yakuyambirira bzikhawonekeratu kuti Cihebereu cidayamba kupitidwa mbuto na Ciaramaiko. Mpsakuwonekeratu kuti nthawe zinango Jezu akhambalewalewa mafala yanango ya Ciaramaiko. Mpsakusaya kupenukira kuti Jezu akhadziwa Cihebereu comwe cikhalewalewedwa na Mozeji na wapolofeta, comwe cikhawerengedwa m’Masinagoga pa mdzinga uli-wense. (Lu. 4:17-19; 24:44, 45; Mab. 15:21) Kuthumizira Cigirego na Cilatini bzomwe bzikhalewalewedwa ku Jirayeri, Bibliya limbalewa lini kuti Jezu akhalewalewa bzirewedwe bzensebzi.

8, 9. Pomwe Cikristau cidawanda thangwe ranyi Cigirego cidakhala cirewedwe cikulu kwa wanthu wa Mulungu, ndipo bzimwebzi bzinkufuna kuthandauza ciyani kwa Yahova?

⁸ Anyakupfunza wakuyambirira wa Jezu wakhadziwa Cihebereu, koma pambuyo pa kufa kwace, anyakupfunza wace wakhambalewalewambo bzirewedwe bzinango. (Werengani Mabasa 6:1.) Pomwe Cikristau cidawanda Akristau azinji wakhalewalewa Cigirego. Tenepo Mabukhu ya Mateu, Marko, Luka na Juwau yomwe yambafotokoza bzomwe Jezu adapfunzisa na kucita, yadagawiridwa pa dziko lense la pansi mu Cigirego. Cigirego cikhali cirewedwe comwe cikhalewalewedwa na anyakupfunza azinji sikuti Cihebereu.b Matsamba yakunembedwa na mpostolo Paulo na mabukhu manango yakufuliziridwa yadagawiridwa mu Cigirego.

⁹ Mpsakukondwesa kwene-kwene kuwona kuti anyakunemba Bzinembo bza Cigirego akhambagumambo bzinembo bza Cihebereu, iwo adacita bzimwebzi kuyambira na Bibliya la Septuagint. Mafala yamweya yakulewedwa ku Cihebereu, tsapano yankucita mbali ya bzinembo bzakufuliziridwa. Tenepo basa la wanthu wakuperewera lidacitambo mbali ya bzinembo bzakufuliziridwa na Mulungu, bzimwebzi bzinkulatiziratu kuti Mulungu ambawona lini cikhalidwe ayai cilalewedwe ca mtundu munango kukhala cakufunika kwene-kwene kuposa ca mtundu munango.​—Werengani Mabasa 10:34.

10. Kodi tingalewe ciyani bza Yahova thangwe ra kucitisa Fala lace kugumanika kwa wanthu wense?

¹⁰ Bzomwe tafotokozerana mwacigwathuwabzi pa kulewalewana pakati pa Mulungu na wanthu, bzinkutipfunzisa kuti Yahova ambalewalewana na wanthu mwa kubverana na momwe bzinthu bziriri pa nthaweyo. Iye ambangingimiza lini kuti wanthu wapfunze cirewedwe cibodzi kuti wafike pa kumudziwa iye na cakulinga cace. (Werengani Zakariya 8:23; Cibvumbulutso 7:9, 10.) Yahova adafulizira kuti Bibliya linembedwe, koma iye adalekerera kuti linembedwe mu njira zakusiyana-siyana.

MOMWE FALA LA MULUNGU LIDAPULUMUKIRA

11. Thangwe ranyi kuwanda kwa bzirewedwe kumbatazisa lini Mulungu kulewalewa na wanthu?

¹¹ Kodi kuwanda kwa bzirewedwe na kasanduliziridwe kakusiyana-siyana kambatazisa Mulungu kulewalewa na wanthu? Mtawiro ngwakuti ne. Mwa ciratizo, tingawone momwe Jezu adaphatisira basa mafala yakucepa mu cirewedwe cakuyambirira ca m’Bibliya. (Mat. 27:46; Mar. 5:41; 7:34; 14:36) Tenepo Yahova adafuna kuti upalizi bwa Jezu bunembedwe mu Cigirego ndipo pambuyo pace m’bzirewedwe bzinango. Na kupita kwa nthawe bzinembo bza m’Bibliya bzidanembedwa mwakubwereza-bwereza na Ajuda pabodzi na Akristau, tenepo bzinembo bzakucena bzidakhala bzakukhotcerereka. Bzinembo bzimwebzi bzidadzasanduliziridwa m’bzirewedwe bzakusiyana-siyana. John Chrysostom omwe adakhala m’magole ya 400 na kumayambiriro kwa 500 EC adalewa kuti mu nsiku zace, upalizi bwa Jezu bukhadasanduliziridwa mu cirewedwe ca Cisiriya, Ciedjipito, Ciindiya, Ciperisiya, Cietiyopia, na mu bzirewedwe bzinango bza wanthu.

12. Kodi kugumanika kwa Bibliya kudabweresa tani citsutso?

¹² Kusanduliziridwa kwa Bibliya mu bzirewedwe bza kusiyana-siyana kudabweresa ciwengo cikulu. Mwa ciratizo mambo munango wa Ciroma mu gole la 303 EC dzina lace Diocletian adatonga kuti ma Bibliya yense pabodzi na wanthu womwe wakhasandulizira na kuligawira atenthedwe. Mkati mwa magole ya 1.500, William Tyndale omwe akhasandulizira Bibliya mu Cihebereu na Cigirego kuyendesa mu Cingerezi, adalewa kwa wanthu wa mapfunziro ya padzulu kuti: “Mulungu akasunga moyo wangu kwa magole mazinji, ndin’citisa kuti napo mulumbwana omwe ambagaula na gedjo adziwe bwino bzinembo.” Tyndale adathawa ku Inglaterra kuyenda ku Europa acikapitiriza kusandulizira na kumbadinda mabukhu yomwe akhasandulizirayo. Pomwe akulu-akulu wa magereja wadayamba kampanya ya kupsaga mabukhu acimbayatentha, nthawe ibodzi-bodziyo ma Bibliya mazinji yakudindidwa yadayamba kumbagumanika kwene-kwene. Na tenepo, Tyndale adaperekedwa na anyamadulanthaka wace ndipo iye adaphedwa mwa kucita kumangiriridwa pa muti acitenthedwa. Koma Bibliya lomwe iye adasandulizira lidapulumuka. Iro lidaphatisidwa basa kwene-kwene pomwe akhakonzekera kusandulizira Bibliya la versão do Rei Jaime.​—Werengani 2 Timotio 2:9.

13. Kodi mapfunziro ya mabukhu yakale yadalatiza ciyani?

¹³ N’cadidi kuti mabukhu yanango ya Bibliya yakupulumuka ya kale-kale yana mafala yanango yakuphonyeka. Na tenepo, bzulu bzizinji bza tumadutswa twa mabukhu ya kunembedwa pabodzi na mabukhu yakusanduliziridwa yakale, yadapfunzidwa na kumbandendemezeredwa na tceru kwene-kwene na anyamapfunziro ya padzulu omwe akhapfunza Bibliya. Mapfunziroya yadakhala yakuthandiza kwene-kwene pa mafala mazinji ya m’Bibliya. Mavesi mang’ono-ng’ono yomwe yankupenukiridwa yambacinja lini mafala yense ya m’Bibliya. Kupfunza mabukhu yakale kumweku kudatsimikizira anyakupfunza wa Bibiya kuti Yahova ndiyedi mweneciro womwe adafulizira wanthu kuti wanembe Bibliya.​—Zai. 40:8.c

14. Kodi mafala ya m’Bibliya yakhala yakugumanika mu njira iponi?

¹⁴ Napo kuti pana anyamadulanthaka wamphanvu wakutsutsa, Yahova ankuwonesesa kuti Fala lace linkusanduliziridwa kwene-kwene pa mbiri yense ya wanthu. Napo tinkukhala mu nthawe yomwe wanthu ankukhala alibe cikhulupiro, ayai wankukhala na cikhulupiro cakucepa kuna Mulungu, Bibliya linkupitiriza kukhala bukhu lomwe linkugulisidwa kwene-kwene ndipo linkugumanika lathunthu ayai cipande mu bzirewedwe bzakukwana 2.800. Palibe bukhu linango lomwe linkundendemerana nalo mu njira ya kugawiridwa na kugumanika mwa kusaya kunesa. Ma Bibliya manango yalibe kusanduliziridwa mwakubveka bwino ndipo njakukhulupirika lini ninga manango. Napo bziri tenepoyo, mpsakukwanisika kupfunza mafala ya cidikhiro na yacipulumuso mu ma Bibliya yense yomwe yadasanduliziridwa.

KUFUNIKA KWA KUSANDULIZIRA BIBLIYA LIPSA

15. (a) Kodi kuwanda kwa bzirewedwe nsiku zino kwakundidwa tani? (b) Kodi Cingerezi cakhala tani cirewedwe cakuthemera kukonzekera cakudya ca uzimu?

¹⁵ Mu magole 100 yapitaya kathimu kang’ono ka anyakupfunza wa Bibliya kadaikhidwa kukhala ‘kapolo wakukhulupirika na wanzeru.’ Cirewedwe cikulu comwe wakhala ankuphatisa basa pa kulewalewana na ‘wa pamui’ ni Cingerezi. (Mat. 24:45) ‘Kapolo’ umweyu ankucita mphanvu kwene-kwene pa kukonza cakudya ca uzimu mu bzirewedwe bzizinjisa, tsapano mulewengoyu unkupitirira 700. Ninga Cigirego ca Cikoine mu magole dzana yakuyambirira, Cingerezi cakhala cirewedwe comwe cinkuphatisidwa basa pa kukonza cakudya ca uzimu, thangwe rakuti cimweci cakhala cirewedwe comwe cinkuphatisidwa basa pa mapfunziro na pa malonda.

16, 17. (a) Kodi wanthu wa Mulungu wakhafuna kuti pagumanike ciyani? (b) Kodi bzomwe akhafunabzi bzidakwanisika tani? (c) Kodi ni cidikhiro ciponi comwe cingadakwanisika na kucosedwa kwa Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano mu 1950?

¹⁶ Tsinde la cakudya ca uzimu ni Bibliya. Mkati mwa magole 1900, Bibliya la Versão Rei Jaime ya mu 1611 mu Cingerezi lidakhala linkuphatisidwa basa pa dziko lense la pansi. Tsono mafala mazinji yomwe yadaphatisidwa basa mu Bibliyali yankuphatisidwa lini pomwe basa pa kulewalewana kwa nsiku na nsiku. Ndipo dzina la Mulungu likhagumanika mu maulendo yakucepa kwene-kwene, tikawona mabukhu ya Bibliya ya kale, dzina la Mulungu likhagumanika mwa kubwereza-bwereza kwa maulendo bzulu na bzulu. Bibliya limweri likhagumanika mbali zinango za kuphonyeka za kusandulizira ndipo mukhagumanikambo mavesi manango ya kuthumizira yomwe yalibe kugumanika mu mabukhu ya m’Bibliya yakuyambirira. Ma Bibliya manango ya Cingerezi yakhagumanikambo na mbali zinango zakuphonyeka.

¹⁷ Wanthu wa Mulungu wakhafuna kuti pagumanike Bibliya lakukhulupirika na la kusanduliziridwa mu njira ya kubveka bwino na cakulinga cakutewezera mabukhu ya kuyambirira. Komiti ya Kusandulizira Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano idakhazikisidwa. Padatenga magole 10 kuyambira mu gole la 1950 mpaka gole la 1960, ndipo padasanduliziridwa mavolume yakukwana matanthatu. Pomwe akhacosa volume 1 pa 2 Agosto, 1950 M’bale N. H. Knorr adauza abale na mpfumakazi womwe wakhagumanika pa mtsonkhano wa cigawo kuti: “Nthawe zense bzikhawonekeratu kuti tikhafunikira Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano lakusanduliziridwa mwakusaya kunesa kubva, mwakubverana na cadidi cakuzimbulidwa bwino, ndipo linkutithandiza kuti tikhale na citsimikizo ca kuwina cadidi cakukhulupirika cakugumanika mu mabukhu ya bzinembo bza kuyambirira. Bibliya limweri lasanduliziridwa mwakubveka bwino kwa anyakuwerenga wa nsiku zino, mwakutewezera mabukhu yakuyambirira yakunembedwa na anyakupfunza wa Kristu yomwe yakhali yakubveseseka napo kwa wanthu wakusaya kupfunza wa mu nthawe zawo.” Iye adalewa kuti Bibliyali lin’thandiza wanthu ma midyau mazinji.

18. Kodi ni cakusankhula ciponi comwe cidafulumizisa basa la kusandulizira Bibliya?

¹⁸ Bzomwe bzikhadikhiridwabzi bzidakwanisika mu gole la 1963, pomwe Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano la Malemba Achigiriki Achikristu lidakonzedwa mu bzirewedwe bza kupitirira bzitanthatu​—mu Ciolanda, Cifalansa, Cialemanya, Ciitalia, Cipwitikizi na Cicipanya. Mu 1989 Bungwe Lakutonga la Mboni za Yahova lidakhazikisa Depatimenti ya kusandulizira ku likulu lathu kuti lithandize kusanduliziridwa kwa Bibliya. Ndipo patsogolo pace, mu 2005, kusandulizira Bibliya cikhali cinthu cakuyamba mu bzirewedwe bzomwe revista ino ikhagumanika. Phindu lace ndakuti Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano lathunthu ayai cipande linkugumanika m’bzirewedwe bzakukwana 130.

19. Kodi ni cakucitika ciponi cakupambulika comwe cidacitika mu gole la 2013, ndipo mu nkhani inkubwerayi tin’dzacezerana ciyani?

¹⁹ Na kupita kwa nthawe bzikhawonekeratu, kuti Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano la Cingerezi likhafunika kusanduliziridwa pomwe mbali zinango kuti bzibverane na mafala yanango yakucinjidwa mu cirewedwe ca Cingerezi. Kuphampha kwa mdzinga wa nsiku ya 5 na 6, ya mwezi wa Outubro wa 2013, wanthu wakukwana 1.413.676 wa madziko yakukwana 31 wadagumanika pa mtsonkhano wa pa gole waci 129 omwe umbacitidwa na Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. Wense wadakhala wakukondwa pomwe wadabva m’bale wa mu Bungwe Lakutonga ankudziwisa bza kucosedwa kwa Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano la kusandulizidwa pomwe mu Cingerezi. Azinji adalira pambuyo pa kutambira Bibliya lakusanduliziridwa pomwe. Wanthu pomwe wakhawerenga mavesi ya m’Bibliya lakusanduliziridwa pomwe, wakhawona kuti mafala ya kucokera ku cirewedwe cinango kuyenda ku Cingerezi yakhabveseseka lini bwino. Nkhani inkubwerayi in’dzafotokoza bzomwe bzidacitika pa kusandulizira Bibliyali mu Cingerezi na pa pakusandulizirambo mu bzirewedwe bzinango.

[Mafala ya m’nyansi]

[Kwadru pa tsamba 10]

KULEWALEWANA NA KUSANDULIZIRIDWA KWA FALA LA MULUNGU

MIPUKUTU YAKUYAMBA KUNEMBEDWA

KUCOKERA PA BUKHU LA CIYAMBO MPAKA PA MALAKIYA (Cihebereu na mu Ciyaramaiko)

IDASANDULIZIRIDWA KUYENDA KU

BIBLIYA LA SEPTUAGINT

KUCOKERA PA BUKHU LA CIYAMBO MPAKA PA MALAKIYA (Cigirego)

LAKUNEMBEDWA PA

MIPUKUTU YAKUYAMBIRIRA

KUCOKERA PA BUKHU LA MATEU MPAKA CIBVUMBULUTSO (Cigirego)

KUSANDULIZIRA BIBLIYA MU BZIREWEDWE BZIZINJI

Mu Cilatini Cakale

Mu Cilatini Catsapano

MU CINGEREZI

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Bibliya la Kusanduliziridwa pomwe la Kucosedwa mu 2013

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