Kulimbana ndi Upandu Kukulephereka

“UPANDU ukanathetsedwa mofulumira ngati aliyense anali wokonzekera kutero,” anagwidwa mawu motero yemwe kale anali mkulu wa Metropolitan Police mu nyuzipepala ya ku England yotchedwa Liverpool Daily Post. Zoonadi, ngati aliyense akanamvera lamulo, upandu ukanatha.

Komatu, m’malo ochuluka upandu ukuwonjezereka. Mawu onenedwa zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo akugwirizana ndi nthaŵi yathu: “Dziko lapansi linavunda pamaso pa Mulungu, dziko lapansi ndipo linadzala ndi chiwawa.” (Genesis 6:11)—Onani bokosi lili patsamba linalo.

Upandu Umayamba Pang’onopang’ono

Munthu angaswe lamulo pazinthu zazikulu ngati aliswa pazinthu zazing’ono. Mphunzitsi wina pofuna kukhomereza zimenezi mwa ana ake a sukulu, analongosola kuti: “Anthu omwe amaba m’mabanki amayamba ndi kuba mapensulo kusukulu.”

Kenako, kodi kaŵirikaŵiri chimachitika nchiyani kuntchito? Anthu amajomba kuntchito akumati adwala ndiyeno kampani imawapatsa chithandizo cha matenda chomwe sachiyenerera. Mkhalidwe wosaona mtima umenewu ndi wofala kuposa mmene wina angaganizire. Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany, 6 peresenti ya masiku omwe anthu ogwira ntchito amanena kuti adwala amakhala pa Lachitatu, 10 peresenti pa Lachiŵiri, ndi 16 peresenti pa Lachinayi, koma Lolemba, mpakana 31 peresenti, ndipo Lachisanu limaposa onse pokhala ndi 37 peresenti! Kodi anthu amadwaladi kaŵirikaŵiri Lolemba ndi Lachisanu, kapena iyi ndi njira ina yobera chabe?

Kodi Amene Amachita Zaupandu Ndani?

Zoona, upandu wochitidwa ndi anthu wamba kaŵirikaŵiri sukhala ndi zotulukapo zofanana ndi wochitidwa ndi anthu amene ali ndi maudindo. Kuchiyambiyambi kwa ma 1970, dziko la United States linagwedezeka ndi upandu waukulu kwakuti dzina limene upanduwo unapatsidwa linakhaliratu liwu lachingelezi.

Mogwirizana ndi Barnhart Dictionary of New English, liwu lakuti Watergate limatanthauza kuti “ugogodi, makamaka woyesa kubisa nkhani zovulaza kapena zinthu zosaloledwa mwalamulo.”a Bukulo linatinso: “Nkhani ya Watergate inakhudza kwambiri chinenero cha m’ma 1970. Liwuli linayambitsa mawu ena osiyanasiyana ndipo mbali yowonjezerayo -gate, inali kusonyeza ugogodi kapena chiphuphu.”

Kuchokera panthaŵi imeneyo, katangale aliyense wasonyeza kuti upandu uli ponseponse, ngakhale pakati pa anthu amene amafunika kukhala zitsanzo pakusunga lamulo. Ku Japan ziphuphu pandale zinawanda kwambiri kotero kuti anachita kukhazikitsa malamulo atsopano kuchiyambiyambi kwa ma 1990 kuti athetse khalidwelo. Mu 1992 pulezidenti wa ku Brazil anachotsedwa paupulezidenti chifukwa cha ziphuphu.

Kodi si koonekeratu kuti anthu olamulira, kuphatikizapo makolo, aphunzitsi, ndi akuluakulu osungitsa malamulo, akamachita zoipa amapangitsa anthu ochuluka kuchita zaupandu?

Zolinga Zabwino Si Zokwanira

Anthu ambiri angavomereze kuti maboma amafuna kuthetsa upandu. Komabe, mkulu wina yemwe anapuma pantchito ponena za dziko lake anati: “Boma lachita zinthu zochepa kuti likonze njira zakuti chilungamo chizitsatiridwa bwino ndi mofulumira. Palibe majaji okwanira, ndiye ochepa amene tili nawo amapanikizidwa ndi ntchito. Apolisi ndi ochepa ndiponso alibe zipangizo zokwanira. Nthaŵi zina apolisi amalipidwa mochedwa, zomwe zingawapangitse kumalandira ziphuphu mosavuta.”

Magazini ya ku Italy yotchedwa La Civiltà Cattolica inadandaula za “kulephera kwa Boma kulimbana ndi magulu a upandu” ndipo kenako inati: “Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo ndi oweruza milandu akuyesetsa kulimbana ndi upandu, koma nzachidziŵikire kuti magulu a upandu sakukhudzidwa nazo mpang’ono pomwe; m’malo mwake, mphamvu zawo zikuwonjezereka.”

Mwachionekere zolinga zabwino za maboma zothetsa upandu si zokwanira. Kazembe wa ku Ulaya woona za anthu oloŵa ndi kutuluka m’maiko ndi zachilungamo, Anita Gradin, molondola anati: “Tikufunikira njira zabwinopo, zothandiza kwambiri kuti tigwirizane pakulimbana ndi ozembetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, oloŵetsa alendo m’dziko popanda lamulo ndi osamukira kumalo ena popanda chilolezo, magulu a upandu, chinyengo ndi ziphuphu.”

Kodi Akuluakulu a Zamalamulo ndi Odzipereka Motani?

Anthu ena amakayikira ngati anthu olamulira alidi odzipereka pa kulimbana ndi upandu. Yemwe anali mkulu wa apolisi m’dziko lina anati aliyense pagulu “amatsutsa chiphuphu ndi chinyengo m’zachuma.” Komatu iye anati palibe amene amafunitsitsa kuthetsa upandu ndi ziphuphu. Anthu ambiri—kuphatikizapo akuluakulu a zamalamulo—mwachionekere amaona kuti kupeza zabwino mwa ziphuphu, chinyengo, ndi kuba nkovomerezeka.

Chifukwa china chimene upandu ukuchulukirachulukira ndi chakuti anthu ambiri “amene amachita zaupandu salangidwa,” ananena motero mkulu wina wantchito za kasitomu. Mwachitsanzo, nyuzipepala ya ku Russia inanena kuti “opalamula savutika kuzemba chilango.” Nyuzipepalayo inatinso zimenezi “zimasonkhezera anthu wamba kuchita zaupandu zoopsa zedi.” Zili ngati mmene wolemba Baibulo ananenera zaka 3,000 zapitazo kuti: “Popeza sambwezera choipa chake posachedwa atamtsutsa munthu, ana a anthu atsimikizadi mitima yawo kuchita zoipa.”—Mlaliki 8:11.

Sikuwanamizira kunena kuti maboma akulephera kulimbana ndi upandu. Nyuzipepala ya ku Germany Rheinischer Merkur inati: “Anthu ali ndi mantha zedi chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwa chiwawa ndipo manthawo sangathetsedwe mwa kukangana kwa zipani zandale kapena ndi ziŵerengero za maupandu ochitidwa zosonyeza kuti mkhalidwewo ulibwino kusiyana ndi mmene ukuonekera.”

Zenizeni zingakhale zakuti upandu wachuluka, m’malo monena kuti sizili choncho. Komabe, tingayembekezere zabwino. Dziko lopanda upandu likuyandikira nthaŵi zonse, ndipo mukhoza kudzaliona. Nkhani yotsatira idzalongosola chifukwa chake tikutero.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 6]

Anthu ambiri amaona upandu ngati njira yovomerezeka yopezera zabwino

[Bokosi patsamba 5]

Dziko Lodzala Chiwawa

BRAZIL: “Atakwiya ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwawa, anthu zikwi mazanamazana anadzaza m’misewu ya mtauni [ya Rio de Janeiro], ali kusonyeza mantha ndi kukwiya ndi upandu umene wakuta mzinda wawo.”—International Herald Tribune.

CHINA: “Ku China anthu akuyambanso timagulu tachifwamba ndipo upandu waukulu ukuoneka kukhala wosatetezereka. . . . Akatswiri achitchayina akuti timagulu tachifwamba ndi ‘magulu achinsinsi’ akuchuluka kwambiri kotero kuti apolisi sangathe kuwaŵerenga.”—The New York Times.

GERMANY: “Mpata pakati pa kuthekera kwa munthu kuchita chiwawa ndi mkhalidwe womwe ungamsonkhezere kuchita chiwawa wacheperatu. Choncho mposadabwitsa kuti chiwawa chimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku.”—Rheinischer Merkur.

GREAT BRITAIN: “Zoyambitsa chiwawa zachuluka ndipo pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwakuti woputa mnzakeyo adzamputa mwachiwawa.”—The Independent.

IRELAND: “Magulu aupandu achinsinsi azika mizu m’madera akale a m’Dublin ndiponso m’midzi yosauka yakumadzulo kwa mzindawu. Maguluwa amakhala ndi zida nthaŵi zonse.”—The Economist.

MEXICO: “Upandu wakwera mofulumira kwambiri panthaŵi yochepa kotero kuti uli kuchititsa mantha.”—The Wall Street Journal.

NIGERIA: “Banja, matchalitchi, misikiti, sukulu ndi makalabu alephera pantchito yawo yotetezera achinyamata ku zaupandu, anatero mneneri wapolisi, Mr. Frank Odita.”—Daily Champion.

PHILIPPINES: “Mabanja asanu ndi limodzi mwa mabanja khumi alionse ku Philippines amati amamva kukhala osasungika m’nyumba zawo kapena m’misewu.”—Asiaweek.

RUSSIA: “Magulu achifwamba achinsinsi asintha mzinda umene panthaŵi ya Soviet unali umodzi wa mizinda yosungika koposa padziko lonse kukhala kuchimake kwa upandu. . . . ‘Sindinaonepo upandu woterowo mu Moscow, kapenanso zoopsa zoterezi m’zaka 17 zimene ndakhala ndikulondera’, anatero lefitenanti wapolisi Gennadi Groshikov.”—Time.

SOUTH AFRICA: “Chiwawa chosatetezereka chikuopseza tonsefe ndi zonse zomwe timachita—china chake chotsimikizika chiyenera kuchitidwa.”—The Star.

TAIWAN: “Ku Taiwan . . . kuba, kuukira ndi kupha, mwapang’onopang’ono kwaloŵerera anthu kwambiri . . . Indedi, upandu ukuchuluka ndipo m’malo ena ukuposa m’maiko a Kumadzulo.”—The New York Times.

UNITED STATES: “U.S. ndi dziko lachiwawa kwambiri m’maiko onse otsogola pa maindasitale. . . . Palibe dziko lotsogola pa maindasitale limene limapikisana nalo.”—Time.